Poetry Analysis: Barbie Doll Poem

Society often saddles women with limiting and unrealistic expectations concerning beauty. This results in a sense of physical inadequacy and a low self-image for those women who do not uphold those features identified as aesthetically attractive. As the poem entitled â€Å"Barbie Doll,† by Marge Piercy shows through its word choice and tone, the results can often be devastating. There is a pointed and troubling contrast in the 2nd stanza, which describes a female subject of markedly admirable qualities.Indeed, it is almost implied that these qualities are somehow male in their nature. Her health, intelligence and strength are praised, as are her sex drive and physical abilities. We might therefore deduce that the subject being describes is an inherently attractive figure with qualities suitable for affection and mating. And yet, the resolution of this stanza is the juxtaposition which tells of a woman who is apologetic for those features divergent from female idealization.And were it simply a low self-esteem at the root of this apologetic nature, it might be deduced that the subject is also Piercy’s object of criticism. However, the 3rd stanza makes quite clear that the woman is at the mercy of that which is expected of her by others. Society’s pressures, implied by the sarcastic tone in the first stanza concerning female targeted toys which influence early the ideal role and identity of the woman, are reinforced in a more damning fashion by the 3rd stanza, which notes that ‘she was advised’ to craft herself according to how others expected her to be.Those unique and admirable qualities amounted to nothing as she was impressed upon to be thinner and more concurrent with the ideal of beauty. As Piercy tells, first she surrenders those qualities of her persona which made her appreciable and, consequently, she surrenders her life. She becomes the ‘Barbie Doll’ which invokes the standard image of beauty in our culture, as attractive, plastic and inanimate as a child’s play thing.

Emotion Management

Managing emotion is not easy for me. I find that all to often I allow my emotions to get the best of me and I definitely have a hard time focusing that emotion in a productive manner. I feel as though I do not understand well just exactly what my emotions are until it’s too late. I may have just been slightly frustrated over a small issue, but now I’m completely consumed with anger because I couldn’t resolve a small conflict. Goleman (2001) states, â€Å"having Social Awareness or skill at managing relationship does not guarantee we have mastered the additional learning required to handle a customer adeptly or to resolve a conflict-just that we have the potential to become skilled at these competencies. † This is where I find myself in life. I have the ability to become skilled at many emotional competencies, I just haven’t learned how to yet. Socially speaking I deal very with impulse control and am very effective at resolving conflict. Personally speaking I am just the opposite. I would do very well to learn and practice, what Goleman calls, The Self-Management Cluster. The cluster involves focusing on and managing internal states, controlling impulses, and acknowledging resources. The pursuit of happiness is a driving force in a human’s daily decision making. We choose who, what, where, why and how based on our imagination of the future and how it will treat our future selves. In attempting to create this state happiness I often find myself just the opposite. I like to think that I’m pretty good at shooting myself straight and not over or under predicting the outcomes of my future, however I must agree with Gilbert’s (2006) view that â€Å"Our imaginations aren’t particularly imaginative. Our imaginations are really bad at telling us how we will think when the future finally comes. † If I could live in the ideal world that my simple brain can conjure up I would be wealthy, be situated in the exact job that I know was created just for me, and live with a wife who just adores me. As it stands I only live with that that wife, my imagination thought up the other bits. Sitting here now reading the last line I think I just reinforced the idea that my imagination definitely lacks imagination, The idea of this paper is to consider prescribed readings from Goleman and Gilbert and write a health and wellness prescription for myself. There is one excerpt from Goleman’s book that speaks to me. There is growing evidence that fundamental ethical stances in life stem from underlying emotional capacities. For one, impulse is the medium of emotion; the seed of all impulse is a feeling bursting to express itself in action. Those who are at the mercy of impulse—who lack self-control—suffer a moral deficiency: The ability to control impulse is the base of will and character. By the same token, the root of altruism lies in EMPATHY, the ability to read emotions in others; lacking a sense of another's need or despair, there is no caring. And if there are any two moral stances that our times call for, they are precisely these, self-restraint and compassion† (Goleman, 1995). I believe my prescription from this excerpt is to focus on practicing self-control. I am very good at loving my wife, but I am awful at being a partner. I choose to do what makes me happy in the moment, like exercising or reading a book, rather than spending quality time together. I’m very compulsive to my own wants. I need to look at what the needs of our relationship are and then weigh in how my needs may be affected and make decisions based on all the information gathered. Currently I am very compassionate, caring, giving person. I believe that I am very healthy and have a fair amount of emotional intelligence (EI). I listen well and ask for clarification of what I’ve heard rather than assuming what I heard. I fight fair. I create boundaries and try my best to listen to what my body is tells me. I believe the authors would agree with these statements. I believe they would want me to focus more on self-control and developing more compassion for my personal relationships. I believe I do a good job at finding happy. I try to keep day-to-day life simple and do the little things with big rewards. My prescription for myself is to seek out understanding for my lack of personal impulse control and focus on relationship building activities at home. Achieving a level of balance and control of daily challenges is essential to overall health and happiness. Barringer and Orbuch (2013) quote Marilu Henner explaining â€Å"Being in control of your life and having realistic expectations about your day-to-day challenges are the keys to stress management, which is perhaps the most important ingredient to living a happy, healthy and rewarding life. †

Identifying and Managing Risk Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Identifying and Managing Risk - Research Paper Example The market risk is associated with the uncertainties in the areas of foreign exchange rate fluctuations, fluctuation of interest rates, fluctuation of stock prices and commodity prices. The market risk is managed by the use of interest rate swaps, options and future. The use of derivatives in financial market is important to hedge market risks. The risk management techniques are used to reduce the credit risk of the organization which occurs as a result of default of the counterparties. The credit ratings are used to assess the credit risk of organizations. The credit risk is reduced by limiting the exposure to the parties considered to be risky for repayment (Deventer,  Imai and  Mesler, 2013). The other credit risk management tools used are by the use of collaterals, periodic marking to the market, captive derivative subsidiaries and netting. Netting is a risk management technique through which the amount of cash owed by one party to another is reduced by the amount by the latt er to the former. There are various methods of netting which includes bilateral netting, multilateral netting, payment netting, cross product netting and close-out netting. Several types of derivatives like over the counter derivatives and credit derivatives are used to mitigate the exposure to credit risks. The types of credit derivatives include Total return swaps, Credit Swaps and Credit Options. Several authors have explained different financial risk management techniques that are widely used in the industries. Analysis: Comparison of financial risk management techniques A comparison of the financial risk management techniques explained by Kallman  to that of Cohen and Palmer is given below. Kallman explained that we should a clear idea of the nature of risks that need to be mitigated. According to Kallman, the risk exposures could be categorized into strategic risks, operational risks and economic risks. The strategic risks are the uncertainties that rise in the long term. Th ese may be quality risk, brand risk, etc. The operational risks are the uncertainties that occur within a single operating period as a result of the operations of the company. The economic risks are the areas of uncertainty created as a result of volatility in political and financial conditions (Kallman, 2007). These risk exposures are mainly due to the changes in macro and micro economic conditions. The economic risks take the form of interest rate risk, foreign exchange risk, etc. The risk exposures may be pure which results in a loss of values or speculative which may either result in a gain or loss. The popular risk management tools proposed by the author are risk surveys and checklist. The survey and checklist are important tools to build a risk register in the organization. Flowcharts of organizational process are useful in identifying the risks involved. After identification of risk, the risks are managed by risk management techniques that include statistical analysis, financ ial statement analysis and also personal inspection. The risk management techniques explained by Kallman could be compared to the risk management techniques explained by Cohen and Palmer. According to Cohen and Palmer, the

Loss Aversion Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Loss Aversion - Research Paper Example This is evident in trying to explain loss aversion since its explanation is only one sided ignoring the loss-gain explanation aspect of this aspect (McGraw, Peter, Jeff, Daniel and David, 1440). Loss aversion patterns observed in the past periods makes it clear that when a loss and a gain of equal magnitude are compared and an assessment made, losses are realized to impact more on making choices than gains of the same magnitude would do. This is because a loss as it occurs is felt in the very short instances with great influence and severity as compared to if the same amounts of gains occurred. This asymmetry is mostly driven by thoughts and feelings that losses should inflict more pain than would gains of the same or slightly higher magnitude would bring joy and pleasure to the individuals (Harinck, Fieke, Eric, Ilja Van and Paul, 1099-1100). Some form of bias have been witnessed in the observations made since the loss aversion form of impact is mostly felt on non-monetary circumsta nces with the asymmetry not completely detected on monetary situations. This has been proved from several previous studies on monetary gains and losses such as that on mixed gambles assessed on bipolar scales. Support for loss aversion According to the previous discussions, loss aversion happens when people think and expect that losses have greater impacts when compared to the same gain magnitude. This version of the case has been proved by two studies; initially, it was proved that losses that were witnessed from a gamble resulted into greater impacts in feelings than those for gains; this might have been because the expectation may have been quite high. From the studies, it is highly acknowledged that the hedonic impact of losses is higher than corresponding gains. This is proved because negative aspects are processed severally in the different parts for the brains than the processing of positive acts, this highly raises psychological feelings due to increased neural activity. In decision making research, there are constructs of loss aversion that have been used in giving explanation to the effects detected such as endowment and status quo reports. The other effect that this form of act tends to explain is the framing effect that is developed for negotiations in the formation of coalitions (Harinck, Fieke, Eric, Ilja Van and Paul, 1100). . Reasons against loss aversion Despite the application of Loss Aversion having been proved, they may be irrelevant at times. From research, it is found that supporters of loss aversion highly exaggerate the situation. It is clear that negative outcomes are painful when they inflict any individual but it has been witnessed in the past that individual exaggerate the degree of the impact which even propels the inflicted to prolong the period of the feeling. The form of bias exhibited above has been witnessed and recorded through valid proofs in a diverse field of study where people tend to normally exaggerate their negative fe elings about negative occurrences (Kermer, Deborah, Erin, Timothy and Daniel, 651). In the past individuals have also failed to gauge how much they are able

Old Operating Theatre in London Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Old Operating Theatre in London - Essay Example The essay "Old Operating Theatre in London" explores historically significant Old Operating Theatre in London and gives a review of Pierre Nora’s theory of ‘sites of memory’ and postmodernism. â€Å"Architectural phenomenologists have been particularly active in advocating a born-again power of places, which includes their symbolic and memorial functions†. Tensions characterize the transitions in the last twenty years, related to the Postmodernist renaissance of monuments, and are evident in the preface to the first volume of Pierre Nora’s seminal Les Lieux de Memoire translated as ‘sites of memory’, which envisioned a collection of ‘memory places’ ranging from concrete structures to abstract intellectual constructions. On the other hand, in the last volume of Nora’s series written eight years later, the author complains that his formula ‘memory places’ has not been comprehended as the dematerialization o f ‘places’ intended as symbolic instruments. Nora’s memory places were conceptualized as places within the mind, as in the conventional and Renaissance art of memory. These ‘sites of memory’ have displaced real environments of memory or Milieux de Memoire. ‘The Old Operating Theatre’ in London dating back to 1822 has been preserved in the form of an unusual museum. â€Å"It is the oldest in Europe and found in a unique space in the Herb Garret of St. Thomas Church, and was a part of old St. Thomas Hospital. The consciousness of a break with the past is linked to the quintessence of memory.

Analysis of three different health systems Assignment

Analysis of three different health systems - Assignment Example The similarities and differences are based on the different economic capabilities of the two countries and the population size. This paper is based on  a comparative overview of the American health care system, the Japanese health care system, and the Australian health care system. The differences between the three health care systems are analyzed as well as the evaluation of the systems in terms of equity, efficiency, and effectiveness. The necessary reforms to the health care systems are also discussed in the paper. The healthcare system in the United States comprises of both the private insurers and the public health system that covers the low-income families and the elderly (Emanuel, 2014). Many Americans receive insurance coverage via the employer-sponsored private insurance with most of the services being provided by private insurers. The Medicaid program serves the disabled and poor families. Different states in the country are also required to cover the medical expenses of low-income pregnant women, the elderly, children, and the disabled (Gillies, 2003). States can also expand their eligibility, but the Medicare program is a universal healthcare program that covers people aged over 65 years. The children whose families do not qualify for the Medicare program and do not make enough to buy the private health insurance are covered in the State Children Health Insurance Program (Levine, 2009). A separate health program is also available for the veterans in the United States. The health benefits in the US vary based on the insurance type. The program comprises of both the inpatient and outpatient hospital care and a home visit by the physicians. Other services also include dental care, preventive care, and the use of prescription drugs. The employer-sponsored plans accept patients at the same cost and are underwritten based on the weight, age, smoking status, and health history of the patient. The Medicaid program covers

Article Reviews Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Article Reviews - Essay Example This is an opening for many small company managers to think in the direction of cooperative work through collaboration. The article enumerates several apt details about Tata that a strategic business manager would find interesting. The details can be seen by an international company as a generalization to a certain extent when making up an image of an Indian company. The main advantage of taking over such companies would be the use of its market for establishing themselves at an international level. The international manager might also look at issues like opening up trade in both the directions. This step will have a tremendous impact on companies worldwide to assess the best way to establish a platform while investing in a place where the company does not have much reputation. The report clearly mentions the various bidders, who were interested in Corus take over and also limns certain third person views on why Tata won the bid. These details would definitely motivate an international business manager of any company to work on similar lines as that of Tata despite fear of competition. The article would promote managers of the competing companies worldwide to think about coming up with better strategies to weaken the opponent collaboration at its inception and over take their opponent in the business race. This article also focuses on an issue that is rather very important and compares a

Thematic Paper Research Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Thematic - Research Paper Example The Old Testament and New Testament are different in certain ways, but at the same time, share common characteristics that are clear and overt. For instance, the Old Testament basically demonstrates the creation of God’s Law, whereas the New Testament illustrates how Jesus, the Son of God, has fulfilled this law. Although both testaments fight for the same cause, the fact remains that the various biblical themes presented in both are different. In this light, the paper at hand focuses on the biblical theme of faith, how it is portrayed in the Old Testament and how the theme has been developed in the New Testament. With reference to the opening verse presented in this paper, it is a known fact that Hebrews 11 contains the best and strongest depiction of the biblical theme of faith. ‘The conviction of things not seen’ as well as ‘what is seen was not made out of things which are visible,’ are elements that arise out of faith of the individuals. It is quite hard to believe what cannot be seen, however, faith in Christianity enables the individual to believe in the divine almighty even though He cannot be seen and there is no solid proof of His existence. However, faith here plays a monumental role, as it is faith that facilitates belief in things not seen, and enhances a Christian’s understanding as to the fact that whatever is seen now, that is, the whole world, was not made from things which were visible, but rather, by that invisible phenomenon on which the whole of Christianity depends. Thus, Christians achieve the salvation in justification that comes throug h faith and transcends beyond any â€Å"mortal efforts† of the individuals in trying to gain satisfaction of God’s justice in the redemption of fallen men (Lensch 1). On the other hand, Old Testament brings to fore the fact that God has selected the Jews as His chosen people, whereas in the New Testament the focus is places on God’s dealings within His

The National Income Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

The National Income - Essay Example Thus, net exports denote the difference what a country can produce and what it actually consumes. If the output it produces is insufficient to satisfy consumption, investment, and government expenditures, it will tend to source output from other countries. On the other hand, the net capital outflow is the difference between domestic savings and domestic investment while the trade balance is shown as the total amount that the country receives for its net exports. Through the national income identity discussed above, it can be seen that net capital outflow is always equal to the country's trade balance. If the trade balance and the net capital outflow is positive, the country is running a trade surplus which means that it is a lender in the international financial market and that its exports is greater than its imports. However, if it is negative, it is running a trade deficit which means that it is a borrower in the financial market and imports is greater than exports. Following from this, the impact of any policy on the balance of trade can be identified and assessed by considering its effect in the country's savings and investment. Logically, any policy which causes savings and investment to increase supports a trade surplus while one which causes decline in savings and investment will lead to a trade deficit. In order to ... There are two type of exchange rates: nominal which is the relative price of currency of two countries while real is the relative price of goods of two countries. These two are related in the sense that the real exchange rate is equal to the nominal exchange rate multiplied by the ratio of price levels in the two countries. Thus, if the real exchange rate is high, foreign goods are relatively cheap, and domestic goods are relatively expensive. On the other hand, if the real exchange rate is low, foreign goods are relatively expensive, and domestic goods are relatively cheap. The real exchange rate is directly related to net exports in the sense that when real exchange rate is high and domestic goods are less expensive, it is expected that net exports will be greater as domestic goods will appeal more to other countries and exports are higher. Another determinant of real exchange rate is net capital outflow. It should be noted that the equilibrium real exchange rate is the rate at which the quantity of net exports demanded equals to the net capital outflow. On the other hand, since the nominal exchange rate is determined by the prices of commodities in one country compared to the other, the price level is its most significant determinant. Empirical evidence shows that the high level of inflation which makes domestic goods priced higher will tend to cause a depreciating currency. Chapter 12 The Mundell-Fleming model has been recognized as a dominant policy paradigm for the study of open-economy monetary and fiscal policy. It is the same as the IS-LM Model in the sense that both emphasize the interaction between the goods and money market. Also, these models assume that price is fixed while showing what affects short-run

Accounting & finance Financial Ratio Anlysis Essay

Accounting & finance Financial Ratio Anlysis - Essay Example Prolong Limited’s gross profit margin decreased from 42.4% in 2009 to 37.5% in 2010. This can be due to the considerable increase in the cost of goods sold from $680,000 in 2009 to $750,000 in 2010. Prolong Limited’s net profit margin was 19.8 % in 2009 and decreased to 13.9 % in 2010. This was due to the increase in the operating expenses of the company. This rise in costs can be due to the rise in the inflation rate in the economy. Prolong Limited should take measures to control their costs of producing the goods. 60% of the current assets are tied up in stock due to which the liquidity position of the company is not very good. Prolong Ltd does not have ample cash to repay its creditors and due to this amount owed to the creditors have increased. Prolong Ltd should improve upon its liquidity position so that it can repay its debt on time. The overall liquidity of the company in 2010 has improved because of the bank loan taken by Prolong Ltd. But still, the creditors of Prolong Ltd are accumulating and it would be difficult for Prolong Ltd to repay its debt if the company does not generate ample cash through sales. Moreover, most of the cash of Prolong Ltd is tied up in non-current assets. Prolong Ltd can generate cash by selling off some of their non-current assets which will improve their liquidity position. Asset turnover indicates the sales that are generated from $1 investments in assets. Prolong’s Ltd asset turnover remained relatively stable in 2009 and 2010. Although the sales increased marginally by $20,000, the total assets increased by $99,000. The investment in the assets was not translated into the corresponding increase in sales revenue. Days inventory ratio of Prolong Ltd indicate that it took 79 days on average to sell the goods in inventory in 2009 and 93 days in 2010. The days inventory has increased in 2010 and this high days inventory figure is not very beneficial for the company. Days debtor ratio indicates

Pedro Paramo Essay Example for Free

Pedro Paramo Essay The novel Pedro Paramo is about a young man who loses his mother and decides to take a journey to a ghost town called Comala to find his father, but instead dies of fear and finds out his father is dead. A central theme that runs through Juan Rulfo’s Pedro Paramo is the nature of hope and despair in a person’s life, which Rulfo demonstrates by Pedro Paramo’s love for Susana, Juan Preciado’s journey to Comala for his father, and Susana San Juan’s desire for her deceased husband. Rulfo exhibits Pedro Paramo’s hope for a future with Susana as a sometimes- ositive nature followed by the negative nature of despair he experiences from her demise. Pedro talks about how he has hoped Susana would return to him after many years of being gone since they were children: â€Å"I waited thirty years for you to return, Susana. I wanted to have it all. Not just part of it, but everything there was to have, to the point that there would be nothing left for us to want, no desire but your wishes† (Rulfo 82). Pedro has been persistent about Susana’s return after a long thirty years. He has loved for Susana since their childhood when they flew kites together, and thinks she will come to ove him upon her return. He went through all the trouble to gain power and land out of the hope that Susana would return and he could meet any request she wished. Pedro is talking to Don Fulgor about the plan to get rid of Susana’s father Bartolome San Juan: â€Å"We need it to be so. She must be left without family. We’re called on to look after those in need. You agree with that, don’t you† (Rolfo 85)? Pedro still hopes that Susana will realize she needs to return to him and come to love him. He believes that it will be easier for her to realize this once Don Fulgor as an order kills her father in the mines. Once he is alone with Susana he plans to comfort her now that her father is not with her or a distraction anymore. Pedro is miserable because Susana has just died: â€Å"I will cross my arms and Comala will die of hunger. † (Rulfo 117) Pedro is mainly portrayed as a selfish man, but not when it comes to Susana. According to Dorotea Pedro really did love Susana and wanted the best for her. When she died he lost it, he plummeted into depression and did not speak to anyone, because Susana meant the most to him. He promised vengeance on the town of Comala for not caring enough about Susana’s death. He choose to sit down and watch Comala collapse, because no money would circulate through the town since he owned all of it. The character Juan is like Pedro because he based his choice to go on a journey on a ray of hope only to fall into the shadows of despair. Rulfo displays Juan Preciado’s search for his father in Comala is based on hope of finding answers to his questions about his father, but is greeted with melancholy news. Juan’s mother Doloritas has just died and she had asked him to go to Comala and make Pedro pay them back for not being there to be a husband or father: â€Å"But before I knew it y head began to swim with dreams and my imagination took flight. Little by Little I began to build a world around a hope centered of the man called Pedro Paramo, the man who had been my mother’s husband. That was why I had come to Comala† (Rulfo 3). Juan’s mother wanted him to go to Comala to get what he deserves from Pedro and receive payback, but Juan quickly changed his mind about why he was going to Comala. Juan has never seen his father so he is quite ecstatic to see who Pedro is and what he looks like. Juan hopes that he will arrive in Comala to find his father Pedro and start a ew life for himself, and that they will develop a father and son relationship. Juan has received some disappointing information about his father from Abundio: â€Å"You were mistaken about the house. You told me the wrong place. You sent me ‘south of nowhere,’ to an abandoned village. Looking for someone who’s no longer alive† (Rulfo 8). Juan is speaking to his mother aloud out of anger about why she sent him to a ghost town to look for someone who is not alive anymore. Abundio had told Juan that Pedro was dead and that he represented ‘living bile’ to him. Juan has been stripped of any hope he had about is plans to find his father Pedro and answer any questions. Juan is dead and is in a coffin talking with Dorotea: â€Å"You’d have done better to stay home. Why did you come here? I told you that at the very beginning. I came her to find Pedro Paramo, who they say was my father. Hope brought me here† (Rulfo 60). Juan reminds Dorotea that he came to Comala to find his father mainly because he had hope. It is tragic how Juan dies out of fear and without any hope but sorrow. Juan died with despair knowing that his father Pedro was a horrible man and a dead man. Juan has lost his own life and everyone close o him, just like Susana who has lost her lover and father only to loose her own life shortly after. Rulfo demonstrates that Susana San Juan hopes to reunite with her deceased husband due to her craziness, and that once she figures out he is dead she does not know how to live without him. Susana is in her home dreaming about her deceased husband Florencio: â€Å"And what I want is his body. Naked and hot with love; boiling with desire; stroking my trembling breast and arms. My transparent body suspended from his. My lustful body held and released by his strength† (Rulfo 100-101). Upon her return to Pedro Susana persistently hopes that her dead husband will return to her. She believes this because she was driven crazy by a series of grave robbing’s with her father at a young age. She hopes for his return so much that she often has intense dreams with detailed memories of her lover. Susana is in her bed thinking about her dream she just had: â€Å"What shall I do now with my lips without his lips to cover them? What shall become of my poor lips† (Rulfo 101)? Susana has now realized that her deceased husband Florencio will never come back to life. She has suddenly lost all of her hope and is now filled with espair and fear of what will come. She never plans on being with Pedro and worries about what will happen to her lips since her deceased husband is the only one she wanted kissing her lips. Pedro is thinking about Susana in his thoughts while she is sleeping: â€Å"But what world was Susana San Juan living in? That was one of the things Pedro Paramo would never know† (Rulfo 95). Susana might live in the normal world but does not act like it, because she has crazy thoughts and dreams. Pedro will never know what is going on with Susana. She is always thinking about her dead husband because she lives in denial and is on Fantasy Island. The novel Pedro Paramo was about a young man who lost his mother and decided to take a journey to a ghost town called Comala to find his father, but instead died of fear and found out his father was dead. Juan Rulfo used the concept of the nature of hope and despair in a person’s life as a central theme for Pedro Paramo, and demonstrated it by using Pedro Paramo’s love for Susana, Juan Preciado’s journey to Comala for his father, and Susana San Juan’s desire for her past husband. Rulfo’s novel Pedro Paramo is an insightful source of how quickly a person’s hope can be taken and turned into despair.

University of hertfordshire objectives

University of hertfordshire objectives Abstract In this assignment project me discuss and construct a Management Strategy that considers the University of Hertfordshire financial and non financial behaviour. A major part of the project is to develop a strategy that could identify the complications at the management level. This model is for the University of Hertfordshire to review and discuss its vision and mission while keeping the objectives of the University in mind. The project will identify the key attributes and criteria fo reviewing the strategy. Moreover the project develops the mission, vision and measures to be notified and followed by the University by considering the organizations ethical, cultural, enviromnental, social and business background. It will help to proactively make good management and therefore reduce loss of revenue and market share. This ultimately will lead to improved communications locally as well as globally as well as greater returns. The Techniques will utilize the latest research techniques and co nsider Universitys corporate objectives and business rules. The process discussed in this assignment is called â€Å"Strategic Planning and Implementation†. Keywords- Strategy Management, Planning, Vision, Business Behavior and Research Techniques 1) Introduction In todays highly competetive environment (business), planning that is budget oriented or forecast based are not that efficient. The University must engage in Strategy Management Planning that clearly defines and assesses the objectives of the university and evaluates the progress of the university. Strategic management is a level of managerial activity under setting goals and over Tactics. Strategic management is closely related to the field of Organization Studies and provides overall direction to the enterprise. According to Arieu (2007), â€Å"there is strategic consistency when the actions of an organization are consistent with the expectations of management, and these in turn are with the market and the context.† â€Å"Strategic management is an ongoing process that evaluates and controls the business and the industries in which the company is involved; assesses its competitors and sets goals and strategies to meet all existing and potential competitors; and then reassesses each strategy annually or quarterly [i.e. regularly] to determine how it has been implemented and whether it has succeeded or needs replacement by a new strategy to meet changed circumstances, new technology, new competitors, a new economic environment., or a new social, financial, or political environment.† (Lamb, 1984:ix) The following definitions, when combined, characterize a comprehensive strategic planning process. Strategic planning is: a rational analysis of the opportunities offered by an environment and of strengths and weaknesses of the firm, and selection of a match (strategic) between the two which best satisfied the objective of the firm (Ansoff, 1976). the process of determining what an organization does, what it will do in the future, and how it will manage to do it. (Bryson, 1988). disciplined effort to produce fundamental decisions and actions that shape and guide an organization, what it does and why it does it (Bryson, 1988). the continuous process of making present entrepreneurial (risk-taking) decisions systematically and with the greatest knowledge of their futurity; organizing systematically the efforts needed to carry out these decisions; and measuring the results of these decisions against the expectations through organized, systematic feedback (Drucker, 1974). 1.1) Structure of the process- Management Strategy: Strategic Formulation would be the process of the following steps: Mission and Objectives What we want to become and what we aim to achieve. Principles The objectives and the commitments of the University that guide us. Environmental Scanning Factors like global, national and state contexts, education sector, various social and business trends, outcomes and gaps. Strategy Formulation- Strenghts to the opportunities identified and competetive advantage Strategy Implementation- Implementing: budget allocation, procedure. Evaluation and Control- Monitoring and Adjustments required. Developing the strategy would help the University to be acclaimed as International University recognised for innovative and original ideas and exploring and enriching those ideas to enrich individuals, their commitments and the environment. 1.2) Criteria for Reviewing Potential Options: In the delivery of the Universitys Vision, Mission and Aims, choices must be made on where to invest resources (including people, effort, money and infrastructure) to achieve strategic objectives and the associated benefits, and to minimise risk (Sue Hybart, 11 April 2006). The Universitys strategic planning cycle illustrates the process leading from setting strategic objective through option review to making choices upon which specific implementation plans are built. Establishing criterias for strategic investment looking across all areas of the University: Analysis of the System education and its implications Sustain national and international recognition for excellence and enterprise Promote ethical practice in education and research as an integral part of the University culture Maintain a leading research performance through outstanding scholarship,ground-breaking discovery, collaborative networks and commercialised outcomes. Strengthen and sustain a reputation for excellence in learning and teaching through innovation and quality student outcomes. Advance the Innovation Campus as a successful space for developing new ideas and applications through University-business partnerships Strengthen connections to the community through improved channels for interaction and mutually beneficial projects. According to Chan (1993), higher education institutions utilizing strategic planning have five characteristics: a shared and inspiring vision that defines an institutions identity and desired position in the marketplace; a well-done strategic framework that directs institutional energies and activities; an institutional commitment to enrich external environments throug manifesting its values; a widespread strategic thinking capability that prevails over a rigid, formal an centralized planning process; a supportive value system and climate that emphasizes participatory governance and empowers participants within the institution. Moreover there are certain key areas which need to be considered:- Assess the ease of realisation (closure of gap) based on: Distance between current position and aspiration, Investment (funding, time, and other resources) required to close gap on sustainable basis, consideration of market attractiveness and consideration of opportunity cost and risk assessment. Details of administrative support and link to the University. Modifications and support from the staff members. Working in collobatation for the university would act like as an useful tool and it would generate more help and a systemetic way of approach leading to better understanding of the management and their results and analysis. Moreover one of the important factor would be the involvement of the students in learning and their life at University. Moreover to achieve excellent, internationally recognised outcomes, the University should continue to focus more on promoting the ability, creativity, and commitment of the staff at the University. These criteria help in business and enterprise international outlook, and would help in learning and teaching research along with the practical experience and knowledge gained to students and the staff members. According to Mockler (1995) though strategy formulation is very central to understanding strategic management, it does not sufficiently provide a concrete direction for action. This can only be provided by strategy implementation. This view suggests that strategy implementation poses even more difficulties than strategy formulation. However, a basic framework can be derived to serve as a road map to strategy formulation (Mezias, Gringer and Gruth 2001; Hills and Jones 1995; Mockler 1995). 2) Vision, Mission, Objectives and Measures 2.1) PEST Analysis An environment in which the University operates can be expressed in terms of the following factors: Political: It would include various government regulations and legal issues and define various norms and rules under which University operates. It includes tax policies, employment benefits and laws, trade restrictions and tariffs, political coherence among the staff and the students and environmental regulations. Economic Factors: It would and affect the universitys cost allocation. Some key examples are economic growth, interest rates etc. Social Factors: Social factors includes the cultural and demographic aspects. These factors affect customer needs and the size of potential markets. Some factors include health consiousness, career attituded of the students, age distribution and class strength. Business and Technology factors- They can be very important as they may run the other factors. They can lower the barrier to entry, reduce minimum efficcient production levels, including: R and D activity, rate of technology change atc. 2.1.1 SWOT Analysis: Swot analysis helps in matching the resources and the capabilities to the external world in this competetive era. As dicussed on (http://www.quickmba.com/strategy/swot/), a firms strenght are its resources and capabilities that can be used as a basis for developing a competetive advantage.Examples include, strong names, cost advantage, and exclusive access to high grade natural resources. It can be determoined by SWOT matrix which is a very good indicator of the strengths, weakness, opportunities and threats (Bradford and Robert W. Duncan). 2.2 Vision and Mission: Starategy Management Plays into role if the Vision and the mission are defined within the constraints of the guidelines by the University and the Faculty. Vision- To become an international University that is recognised and known for originality, enterprise and its ethics in focussing, exploring, transfering and applying knowledge to enrich its students and the individuals, their communities and the environment. Mission- Our mission is to excel through Research and teaching of world-class innovative standard and impact,learning environment that supports, informs and inspires our diverse student community,Staff initiative, enthusiasm and commitment to the Universitys goals, Collaboration and enterprise that provide innovative and timely ideas and solutions for the University and its community partners (Mockler (1995)). University share a commitment to promoting and celebrating excellence through initiative, enterprise and achievements that take society forward in an intellectual way and the freedom for opinion. It is very important to maintain the integrity, mutual respect and collegiality among the University. Moreover Students from all over the world having different cultures, ideas should stand together for the development of the University. It is very important for the University to foresight the quality and accountability as an institution by mutual development and community partnership. Moreover equal monitoring plays a vital role where students from all over the world are studying. The University is commited to developing graduates who are informed, independent learners, problem solvers, effective communicators, and responsible towards the society and to themselves. 2.3) Objectives and Measures for evaluation: The university can and have set the goals and objectives as parameters for a progress towards the vision: 1. Excellence and innovation in learning and teaching Graduates equipped to contribute to society and the workplace An active, collaborative and flexible learning experience for students Quality programs relevant to the evolving needs of students and the community An international focus in learning and teaching High quality teaching 2. Excellence and innovation in research Research of high quality and impact at an international level Enhanced capacity to attract external grant funding Quality research student scholarship and training Strong partnerships with external organisations to achieve mutually beneficial research outcomes Enhanced capacity for commercial research and commercialisation of research outcomes 3. Dynamic engagement with our communities A University that is accessible, outward reaching and responsive to its communities Strong reciprocal relationships that enrich our communities Integration of community engagement in our academic activities Enhanced educational aspirations and higher education participation in our regions 4. Students engaged with learning and University life Students engaged as members of the University community Efficient and professional management of each phase of the student experience A social and physical environment where all students can participate in University life Effective communication between students and the University 5. A university of international outlook and achievement A community with a diverse and rewarding global perspective and culture A university of choice for international students International recognition for quality, standards and outcomes 6. Versatile, skilled and committed staff An adaptable workforce with skills aligned to strategic directions A supportive, rewarding and equitable work environment 7. Business capacity to advance the achievement of our Vision Decision-making based on sound planning, governance and quality processes Strategic deployment of resources and information A sustainable and reliable infrastructure Plan for the Implementation of the strategy In this section I would be decribing about all the 7 objectives mentioned in the last heading. Moreover I would be explaining the strategic priorities, key indicators of the performance and the plan which could help in the betterment of the University and its members. 3.1) Development and Creation of the strategy Goal 1 The University is committed to providing its diverse body of students with an engaging internationally oriented atmosphere and learning experience. The priority is to promote ethical education as a part of culture, maintaining the reputation of the University and ensuring that graduates and undergraduates are committed to their employers for their knowledge and skills attained at the University. Strategy Goal 1- University must integrate the development of Graduate into the curriculum at any level and standard. University should develop, focuss and implement institutional approaches for analysing the attainment of Graduate Qualities so that University can know what skills are their students gaining. University should continue to give priority to developing the capacity of students and embed the outcomes of the Academic Integrity Project. University must provide opportunities that equip students for employment in a global labour market. University should optimise the mix of delivery methods to enhance the learning experience of students across all teaching locations and facilities to provide a physical environment that is engaging, collaborative and flexible. An international focus would help them to develop their knowledge and skills lobally and would help them to compete in a larger scale. Key Indicators- Learning and Teaching Performance Student Perception Employer Perception International Recognition

Effectiveness Impact of Journal Clubs in Medicine

Effectiveness Impact of Journal Clubs in Medicine Abstract Background: Journal clubs` emerging goals are now considered to be teaching critical appraisal skills and learning how to use evidence based medicine in practice. Although journal clubs are well accredited, designing the right format to keep members stimulated and educated remains a great challenge. Methods: We conducted journal club structure modifications in internal medicine residency program of a university affiliated hospital. Initially group-based sessions identified feasible changes and baseline data concerning residents` knowledge of evidence based medicine (EBM) was collected by a questionnaire. Modifications implemented and a second set of group discussions and data collection took place after 12 months. Results: Total number of 78 residents participated. The most important identified changes were schedule adjustments and setting new goals regarding EBM, medical statistics and critical appraisal teaching. Group discussion showed increased satisfaction and questionnaire assessments showed significant improvement in residents` knowledge of EBM. Conclusions: Redesigning journal clubs with emphasis on regularity and setting new horizons basically improves their effectiveness. Assigning entire sessions to augment participants` skills in new areas of knowledge is a unique way to fit journal clubs as a novel and innovative teaching practice. Practice Points Journal clubs are connecting bridges between knowledge and practice. Journal clubs have gradually evolved to be a teaching tool in modern medicine. Considering growing popularity of evidence based medicine, journal clubs can be a way to introduce this discipline into educational programs. Redesigning old journal club structure is somehow necessary to better keep up with growing knowledge of medicine. Furnishing journal clubs with innovative methods might be a reasonable way of reform. Introduction The earliest reference to the origin of the phrase journal club is in memoirs and letters of Sir James Paget, describing a small room near St. Bartholomews Hospital in London in the period 1835-1854 in which pupils met and read journals (Paget 1901). More than a century has passed since Sir William Osler started the first recorded journal club in North America in 1875 as a way of sharing periodicals he could not afford individually and later established a club at Johns Hopkins University to review the latest medical research (Alguire 1998; Sleeman 1990). Today’s journal clubs have evolved a great deal and are found in nearly every medical school and residency training program in almost all fields of medicine (Valentini Daniels 1997; Sidorov 1995; Green 1999). Traditionally journal clubs are educational meetings in which a group of individuals meet to discuss and critically evaluate the current articles in the scientific literature (Mcleod et al. 2010; SVN Research Committee 2009). The major aim of journal clubs was to keep their attendees up to date with the latest medical literature (Valentini Daniels 1997; Forsen 2003; Goodfellow 2004). Gradually they have become a means for teaching critical appraisal skills, improving biostatistical knowledge, getting familiar with epidemiologic methods and most recently promoting the practice of Evidence Based Medicine (EBM) (Valentini Daniels 1997; SVN Research Committee 2009; Woods Winkel 1982). Critical appraisal skills and basing clinical decisions on the best published evidence available (i.e. EBM) have become an important facet in clinical medicine and are part of core general competencies required by the Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education (ACGME) in all residency programs (ACGME 2009; Yew Reid 2008; Carpenter et al. 2010). In the ensuing years, EBM has enjoyed widespread popularity. Today’s journal clubs are effectively assisting practitioners translate knowledge into practice and serve as an excellent bridge between research and clinical work. While journal club has been a mainstay in postgraduate medical education for many years, several authors have pointed out the diversity of its format (Alguire 1998; Sidorov 1995; Ebbert et al. 2001). The desirability of journal clubs in internal medicine has been reinforced by accreditation requirements that mandate residents` participation in journal clubs. Although the goals and purposes of journal clubs are well established, selecting the right format and setting to keep members stimulated and educated remains a great challenge (Kelly Cronin 2010; Hartzell et al. 2009). With the growing appreciation of evidence based medicine (EBM) and its widespread application in clinical decision making, we thought of revising and implementing possible modifications in our journal club structure to improve quality of sessions and weigh their effects on our journal club program. Methods We conducted revision program into our journal club structure involving internal medicine residents attending the internal medicine residency program in a teaching university affiliated hospital. The modification process consisted of several steps. First we conducted group-based discussion sessions with participation of two clinical experts, two research experts, the program manager and chief resident. Group discussion primarily consisted of brain storming, reviewing similar works and their outcomes and sharing experiences. Five such meetings were held with main purpose of gauging current program features and identifying possible essential changes required to improve the program. Findings of these sessions then were shared with residents` delegates, 2 residents from each year, through three separate sessions. Identified feasible modifications were finally determined out of group-based discussions and implemented to make a new journal club structure. The group-based discussion took place for the second time, 12 months after executing alterations. Group participants were the same. This time the group assessed different aspects of changes made including residents` attendance, residents` satisfaction and the content of new sessions. Furthermore we measured the residents` existing knowledge of EBM by a self-reported questionnaire, designed and internally validated by the discussion group. The questionnaire consisted of three questions to assess three fields: residents` knowledge of statistical significance, their acquaintance with evidence rating and their familiarity with study design. Possible answers were as â€Å"No familiarity†, â€Å"Fair familiarity†, â€Å"Good familiarity† and â€Å"Excellent familiarity†. In order to facilitate further comparison, the first two answers were classified as cluster 1 (limited knowledge) and the two remaining answers as cluster 2 (acceptable knowledge); therefore making comparison between two clusters. Each resident was given the questionnaire before applying changes and again 12 months after running the new program. Residents` responses were also discussed in the second set of group discussion. The results were collected anonymously and data was then imported to Excel software (2010, Microsoft) for examination. We specified the distribution of answers in each cluster before and after modifications and calculated the absolute difference between them using descriptive statistics. Results Seventy-eight internal medicine residents (43 Female, 35 Male) were included into the survey. An almost even participation was observed among residents from all years of internal medicine training. Results of this study can be divided into two phases; before applying changes and after implementing modifications. Phase I Founded on the primary group-based discussions, the acknowledged key points for developing our new journal club structure encompassed program and schedule modification, adding motives, defining new goals, content revision and implementing feedback mechanisms from which, content revision was considered the most critical one. The main aspects of modifications made are explained in details. Our new schedule was designed as weekly sessions on Thursdays (the day before weekend in our country). We planned the sessions to be held from 7 to 8 in the morning (Breakfast time) and on the day with minimal educational and clinical workload to assure maximal attendance. To ensure the regularity and predictability of our program, we already scheduled the sessions for the next entire year. Holidays, exam days and residents` rotations were carefully noticed in planning the journal club calendar and the presenter for each session was specified at the beginning of the educational year. Furthermore we changed the place to a bigger room with better facilities. Also we decided to provide a mini breakfast meal during all sessions as a potential incentive that can increase participants` interest. Defining new objectives was also emphasized by group members. Therefore, we set our new goals not only to keep updated with medical literature and review the current literature, but also to introduce medical statistics to residents, encourage arguments and develop critical appraisal skills and understanding EBM. We changed the composition of our journal club participants to include relevant attending physicians, medical statisticians and experts in EBM and critical thinking as well as internal medicine residents from all levels. In order to achieve the broad goal spectrum, our reformed program consisted of two different types of sessions. Three sessions of each month were dedicated to presenting review articles and discussion about the main topic (analogous with former program). The last week of the month was devoted to evidence based journal clubs in which an original article was presented to the audience and 2 to 3 relevant articles or guidelines were also considered. The main focus of these sessions was to discuss the methodology and to point out statistical points through which critical appraisal skills were practiced and evaluation of the quality and validity of the results taught. Both types of sessions were moderated by an attending physician with experience in medical research and education background. Review article journal clubs were presented by a second year internal medicine resident employing slideshows; hence each resident was provided the opportunity to benefit from this chance at least twice a year. Evidence based journal clubs were presented by senior residents familiar with medical research and statistics and with acceptable teaching skills. These sessions were supervised by a team (at least 2 persons) of expert physicians in EBM and critical thinking skill. A support committee consisting of two senior internal medicine residents, journal club moderator and an EBM expert was formed for evaluating and choosing articles for presentation. The responsible resident had to provide up to 5 papers to the committee, who would then return one or two of them for presentation. The major selection criteria were relevancy and novelty of the topic and being in accordance with the interests of the participants. The other thing considered especially for articles to be presented in EBM sessions was being somehow controversial regarding the methodology or conclusion. At the end of each session a brief explanation was provided including critical points and a conclusion. For EBM sessions the strength and limitations of the article were also emphasized, inspiring the participants to involve in this process valuable in didactic endeavors. The conclusion of each session was then uploaded in the departmental forum of residents and interns for more discussion. Sometimes, a practical question was also provided in order to ascertain that residents have got the point correctly. Phase II Second phase results are described after 12 months of running the new program. Group-based discussion findings for new schedule clearly showed increased attendance and residents were more satisfied with the fixed and pre-defined sessions. Nonetheless we noticed that providing food was not of residents` concerns. Definition of new objectives for journal club sessions persuaded residents to participate more. Experts in the group-based discussions were also satisfied with the new content of sessions and monthly devoting an entire session to EBM and teaching statistical points and critical thinking. Regarding questionnaire assessment, final results showed that in the field of â€Å"evidence rating knowledge†, the number of residents in cluster 1 reduced from 51 to 17 and accordingly the number of residents in cluster 2 increased from 27 to 61 (43.6% absolute change regarding the total number of participants; P Similarly, before-after comparison for the field of â€Å"statistical significance acquaintance† revealed the absolute change to be 23.1%; i.e. the residents` acquaintance with concept of statistical significance was noticeably augmented, changing from limited knowledge to acceptable knowledge, in 18 residents (P Discussion Our conventional journal club structure first started in internal medicine department of Shariati hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences in year 2007. Since then it was running in a small room and on a weekly basis with focus on review article presentation only. Participants were mainly residents, internal medicine interns and medical students and presenters of sessions were selected from first year residents. There are considerable studies describing journal clubs conducted in different settings and for different health providers; yet there appear to be no ‘Gold Standard’ approach for conducting a journal club or assessing its effectiveness. It is therefore an ongoing challenge in designing effective journal club format that assists the participants to translate journal club activities into evidence based practice (Deenadayalan et al. 2008). As residency programs deal with work hour restrictions and implement competency educations (Hatala et al. 2006; Goroll et al. 2004), they need to undergo intense reassessment and possible remodeling to determine if they are meeting their goals. Our questionnaire survey showed that our reformed program made significant change in residents` knowledge and the number of residents significantly shifted from low knowledge to acceptable knowledge. We postulated that holding journal clubs on a regular basis is necessary to achieve continuous educational progress and gradually obtain the desired improvement in residents` competency which is in accordance to most previous studies (Deenadayalan et al. 2008 ). Regularity of sessions basically show the importance of this type of learning, as a new method of education is being introduced to the learners (residents). On the other hand, disorderliness might suggest that the program is not so useful and coordinators are not sure of its value, which in turn will dissuade participants from joining and following the schedule. Pre-defining the whole schedule would be a great way in achieving this goal. Although fixed schedule might seems impractical for many institutes but authors assumed that accurately considering some fine points such as work hour’s prerequisites before scheduling the program may be helpful. In addition, this would assist participants to adjust their time and for presenter to know their schedule and being prepared for that. Regarding best frequency, according to most of studies reporting this, it seems that monthly period is endorsed (Letterie Morgenstern 2000; Burstein et al. 1996). Our reformed structure had a weekly basis, though our new EBM sessions were held monthly, not to shrink residents` enthusiasm for participating in these educational gatherings. Some studies have shown that timing of journal clubs might be of importance considering attendance, especially when they were coincided with meal times (Bazarian et al. 1999; Langkamp et al. 1992). While they advised provision of food as a way to increase attendance, our group-based discussions and residents feedbacks did not show such relation. This might be due to . Authors believed that forward movement without adding new goals and/or lacking enough motivation would not be successful in improving participants` competency. Increasing knowledge of medical statistics and understanding EBM were the primary new objectives of our program which is demonstrated to be well achieved regarding our survey. Participants of journal clubs must be in accordance to the aims and contents of the program. Similar to Hartzell (2009), authors think that inviting attending physicians and involving senior residents may contribute to fulfillment of journal club objectives. This composition would facilitate the arguments and give space for better discussion and reaching a practical point. Assigning an entire separate session to introduction of this new area would also be of great benefit, since innovative thinking and learning new skills necessitates more time. New educational goals for residency programs now include conduction of problem oriented sessions, evidence based journal clubs and also experiencing critical appraisal. Considering that almost all of medical education programs have introduced journal clubs as a routine in their curricula, we thought of it as a useful tool to familiarize our residents with better interpreting medical literature, critical thinking and evidence based medicine. This approach has been supported by previous researches (Hatala et al. 2006; Ghali et al. 2000). Although this survey showed promising results and improvement in residents` knowledge and participation, our results are far from perfect. Yet we must increase our efforts to recognize subtle obstacles and further improve effectiveness of journal club. Conclusion In conclusion, journal clubs are of great value in today`s medical education addressing both clinical practice and evidence based learning improvement. Yet there is no gold standard to achieve the best result with this regard. We have enjoyed revolutionizing our traditional structure of journal clubs and furnishing it with novel objectives and construction and noticed significant improvement in attendance and competency of our internal medicine residents. Declaration of interest The authors report no declarations of interest.

My Challenged Friend :: Friendship Essay

Learning from My Mentally Challenged Friend From the time I was two years old until I was about seven Steve had been my best friend. He and I went over to each other's houses all the time. At that age I was very friendly and loving to everyone but very over-active. I have Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) so I was boisterous and restless. Everything was great until second grade when Steve's parents began to dislike my behavior because I was so "hyper." That's when they wouldn't let Steve be my friend anymore and eventually he was forced to cut off contact with me. This broke my heart and I would have been able to get over it without too many scars; if the rest of the kids had liked me. But they didn't. No one would play with me at recess and no one would ever come to my house. I began to get very depressed. My teachers were not aware of ADHD and were extremely critical of me and insensitive to my disability. It was then I was approached to help Freddie, who is mentally challenged, prepare for the upcoming "Challenger Little League." In the league disabled children play, and "normal" kids act as their "buddies" to help move the game along. Freddie's mom and mine thought it would be a good idea because I would be helping Freddie get ready for the league, and doing something for Freddie might make me feel better about myself. Since then we have been playing ball each fall and spring at his house once a week. In that time I have grown to know him as a person, his likes and dislikes. He has a strong personality that contradicts the image I had of kids with mental disabilities. I had imagined that they were essentially passive showing only faint recognition and response to anything happening in the world around them. And while this may be true for some severe disabilities, Freddie interacts with his environment just like I do. We just have different obstacles to face, different disabilities to overcome. While Freddie and I threw the ball around in the backyard, I developed a genuine friendship with him like I would have with any other kid I knew. That is why I enjoyed going over to his house.

Essay --

Elie Wiesel was born in Sighet, Transylvania (later known as Romania) on September 30, 1928. Elie focused on Jewish religious studies before being relocated to Nazi death camps in WWII. Wiesel survived; he eventually began to write about his experiences in his memoir Night. He became an activist, orator and teacher. He spoke out against persecution and injustice. People should look at what Elie Wiesel and many other Jews went through just to be able to live in this world. The people living now should be appreciative of everything that is given and more. No one understands such a dreadful experience as the Holocaust without shifting in the way you were before. In Night, a memoir by Elie Wiesel, the author defines his suffering at the hands of Nazis. Taken with his family in 1944, they were directed to Auschwitz to come before the dishonorable selection. There, Elie parted from his mom and sister leaving him with his father who was too busy to spend any time with his son before the camp. Being under the Nazis' control, Elie and his father moved to several camps. The Nazi command â€Å"deprived Elie...of the desire to live..., which murdered his God and soul and turned my dreams to dust† (32). Preceding to the war, Elie lived an extremely spiritual and blameless life. Elie controlled a very strong curiosity in Jewish beliefs. At such a young age, Elie followed the Jewish faith with a vigor unusual for his age; his father kept him grounded in a world of reason. Even as Elie's freedoms vanished, he still maintained a sense of faith as a crutch. This also shows how Elie still was a child at the time, not aware that the Germans could try to eradicate an entire race. Ellie did not have an inkling of the horrors that lay before him and how they... ...ce out of the camp he "Spent his days in a total idleness. And I had but one desire to eat. [He] no longer thought of his father or mother"(107). The war left him crushed for life without any attachments to reality or sympathy for his family; he had cried his last tears. Following the camp, Elie only existed as a body wanting basic necessities without a soul or passion. The Holocaust changed Elie from a religious child to a mindless body who lost all innocence at age when he "Was fifteen years old"(96). The flames of the furnaces and the noose on the necks of fellow prisoners stole that desire from him and all the prisoners leaving empty bodies to work for the Nazi regime. Such horrors forced any man to abandon his passions if he wished to survive to the next day. The effect the war had on the Jews makes the claims of Holocaust deniers incredibly ignorant and cruel.

Dysfunctional Families In Cana Essay -- essays research papers

Dysfunctional family relationships form the basis of many Canadian short stories. Often, tragedy is the end result of severe family breakdown. In other cases, personality defects are directly traceable to poor family dynamics. In the stories â€Å"Hurt†, â€Å"Fall of a City†, and â€Å"The Sound of Hollyhocks† there were very profound family problems. The difficulty in the father/son relationship in â€Å"Hurt† reflects a role reversal. Even though Stevie is only a young boy, he took care of himself and his father. Stevie made his own meals and when his father was inebriated, he â€Å"...went down to the store and got him a couple bottles of vanilla to sober up on.† (pg. 195) In a family situation a young child such as Stevie should not have the responsibility of taking care of his parent. Moreover, even when Stevie’s father was sober, Stevie could do whatever he liked without consequence. Skip described such a freedom when he said that â€Å"Stevie went to school when he wanted to go...† (pg. 193) This lack of rules or an authority figure demonstrates the dysfunctionality of this family. Also, Stevie’s father was a violent alcoholic. Skip observed that somedays Stevie’s father would be â€Å"...pounding on the walls with his fists and swearing and crying all at the same time...† (pg. 195) The parent/child role reversal , the lack of structure, discipline, and authority in the home and the violent episodes demonstrate the degree of dysfunction in this family. â€Å"Fall of a City† depicts the dysfunctional...

Tesco Fresh and Easy

I believe Tesco: â€Å"Fresh & Easy† Supermarkets will be successful. The Fresh & Easy name signals the two things it wants shoppers to think of it for: freshness and convenience (Horovitz, 2007). Tesco constantly re-enforces this message on the Fresh & Easy Homepage; people want fresh and healthy food choices; they want things to be easy, Tesco provided just that with its line of supermarkets. Tesco supermarkets found a niche that United States retailers had not focused on, convenient fast access to fresh, healthy cost affordable natural foods. It is something many Americans have waited years for. As well as being marketed as a Fresh & Easy supermarket, it is also marketed as an energy efficient organization which in this age of energy and resource conservation adds to its appeal. The supermarkets utilize efficient equipment in their stores and operations (Recruiting, 2007). Stores are designed to use 30% less energy than typical grocery stores its size, and recycling is a priority. Fresh & Easy has been a savior tenant for many developers, eating up 14,000 square foot chunks of old space and dark drug stores (Retail, 2009). Its entrance into the United States was the first time Tesco entered a country without a supercenter format. Tesco did not want to become like Wal-Mart. Tesco launched its United States Operations with a small format neighborhood grocery store under the Fresh & Easy name to differentiate its brand from its competitors. The supermarkets are relatively small, at about 10,000 square foot. Fresh & Easy stores target customers in low to middle income locations. Tesco is betting that there is a demand for smaller stores closer to home with fewer products, making it easier to find things. The stores are placed near public transportation. Many of them are near or inside underground and railway stations, making it easy for commuters to pop into a store and grab a meal on their way home. Their advertising campaign includes references to environmentally friendly packaging and food free of artificial colors, flavors, and trans fats. The chains buy no TV or newspaper ads. When it enters a market, it mails $5 coupons to area residents. The stores are stocked with big names and in-house brands and offer more prepared entrees and side dishes than typical supermarkets (Semeuls, 2007). Their specialty is in prepared but not frozen foods, everything looks fresh. Everything is nicely repackaged in friendly pastel colors, simple graphics, and lowercase fonts. The stores are not over whelming. They look more modern and sophisticated than most supermarkets. The isles are wide and signs are clearly written. There is bright lighting and an uncluttered feel. Fruits and vegetables are neatly presented. There is an unexpectedly low price on items. Focusing primarily on California at this point, Fresh & Easy is approaching the market as a â€Å"critical mass† store strategy in California, Arizona and Nevada. This strategy is to locate a â€Å"critical mass† of stores in a given region, similar to the Starbucks’ Walgreens’ strategy (Fresh, 2008). In doing this, consumer awareness is increased and marketing and advertising costs leveraged. From a positioning standpoint, it attempts to become the logical or defacto neighborhood grocer in the region, in part by virtue of having so many stores in the area (Fresh, 2008). The advancement of web based information technology has been an important catalyst for the recent proliferation of distribution sales channels in food retailing. Although multiple channels enable companies to reach consumers faster and in different market segments, they pose challenges to include channel conflict and pricing policy for the different channels. This could benefit consumers by companies having to reduce prices to stay competitive. American supermarkets have concentrated mainly on trying to make cost out of their supply chains. Goods are moved hundreds of miles to keep them cheap. This has encouraged supermarkets to make two sorts of foods: long lasting i. e. ried, canned, frozen, or otherwise preserved and that which is prepared from raw ingredients on site. British food retailers because stores can be so small that they have to switch from selling sandwiches at lunchtime to selling readymade suppers in the afternoon specialize in regular frequent deliveries to city stores. Their supply chains are more sophisticated. Tesco is an innovator with its supply chain. Tesco built a distribution center. Coupled with partner Wild Rocket Foods, Tesco selected U. S. produce vendors as suppliers. Tesco utilizes trucks with hybrid refrigeration vector units with internal partitions for frozen, chilled and ordinary goods. All Fresh & Easy trailers include automatic refrigeration shut-off when optimum temperature is reached inside the cooling chamber as well as a complete engine shut-off once parked at the stores. Electrical stand-by technology minimizes the impact on the environment by using no fuel to run refrigeration units on the trailers while parked at the distribution center. Tesco could replace three deliveries with one. This makes it possible to sell groceries profitably in small stores at supermarket prices. Tesco makes fresh and easy available to the customers, but they also made the customers part of the solution to success. The Tesco scheme mails discount vouchers to customers encouraging them to return. It tracks every purchase to build one of the world’s largest databases. This finds correlations between purchases allowing Tesco to finely tune the product range in each store. I would venture to say that Tesco is on the right track to success with its wide mix of fresh food that is highly customer oriented and very accessible. With the stores in local neighborhoods and at very user friendly cost, these neighborhood targeted stores will succeed. . References Freshandeasy. com (2008). Freshandeasy. com. Viewed at freshandeasy. com February 19, 2009. Fresh & Easy Buzz. (2008, March 8). Retrieved February 19, 2009, from http://www. freashneasybuzz. blogspot. com. Horovitz, Bruce (2007 November 08). British grocery chain hits America with fresh ideas. Retrieved February 19, 2009 from https://www. usatoday. com. Recruiting trail at Fresh & Easy. 2007, July 22). Retrieved February 19, 2009, from http://www. freshandeasy. com/blog/2007/07/recruiting-trail-at-fresh-easy. html Semuels, Alana. ( November 9, 2007). British food it’s not shoppers find fresh & easy a blend of trader joe’s and Ralphs. Retrieved February 17, 2009 from http://articles. latimes. com/2007/nov/09/business/fi-tesco9 RetailChatr; Fresh & Easy changing strategy. (2009, February 04). Retrieved February 17, 2009, from http://www. ret ailchatr. com/2009/02/04/fresh-easy-changing-strategy

Antigone vs. Juliet

Written by Sophocles, Antigone is an ancient Greek tragedy that discusses twain girls decision to bury their dead sidekick despite the f deed that the king lead execute anyone who tries to do so. Should they honor the divinity fudges laws, but risk their birth lives in the process? On the otherwise hand, Romeo and Juliet is a run across written by William Shakespe be ab unwrap cardinal young lovers from feuding families. The play ends in much grief as both(prenominal) of the lovers peter out due to misfortunate circumstances. While these two pieces of text argon very different, they still sh argon trustworthy commonalities.For instance, the two main female characters, Antigone and Juliet, hold similar personality characteristics, such as intoxicatingness, the true, and courage, which help classify them in the ensample of a tragic heroine. To begin with, both Antigone and Juliet are very brave and rebellious. They are strong characters who fight for what they want an d what they liveliness is right. For example, Antigone is entrusting to bury her brother Polyneices as yet though she knows that she is putting her consume emotional state on the line. Her sister Ismene warns her of the risks, but Antigone knows that she allow put into action what she feels she is morally cause to do.Similarly, Juliet shows these daring personality traits. During Shakespearean times, parents pose marriages for their children, and daughters were expected to be obedient and reverential towards their parents. However, Juliet goes against her father because of her love for Romeo. She openly disrespects her authority, which leads to her beingness threatened of being left out on the streets these actions certainly take a lot of bravery. Additionally, both of these characters use their courageousness to rebel against fate when they commit suicide.Antigone is caught for inhumation Polyneices, but Antigone kills herself first so that she deal die at her own han d. Juliet stabs herself with a dagger so that she derriere die with Romeo, her one true love. Both of these disobedient and defiant women refused to accept their fate, so they took it into their own hands. Clearly, these two ladies are strong and act on their own terms. Added to that, Antigone and Juliet are both impatient in their behavior. Their reckless and brainish choices lead to misery in their lives. For example, Antigone is being efflorescence when she decides to bury her brother.Instead of sentiment of a logical and practical plan, she wants to presently break the law to get it done. If Antigone had talked to Creon more or less her thoughts, she might have swayed his decision. After all, they are family, and Creon does understand that it would be the moral affaire to do. Unfortunately, Antigone acts too quickly, and the tragic events unravel presently afterwards. Furthermore, Antigone kills herself in the tomb before she loafer be relieve by Creon. She makes the overhasty choice to end her life, but is unsuspecting of the fact her life could have been saved salutary a few moments later.Comparatively, Juliet to a fault shows that she is an impatient person. Firstly, her love with Romeo was very rushed. They meet, enjoin their love, and marry all in just a couple of days. The rational issue to do would be to slow deck their relationship Friar Lawrence advises them to do so because long love prospers. However, Juliet and Romeo disregard his advice, and they quickly profess to each other and stupefy husband and wife. Their hurried actions create problems in the prox. Sadly, both of the characters must suffer for the choices that they make.Lastly, Antigone and Juliet are very loyal. While they are rash and rebellious, they are still very undecomposed people. Being a tragic heroine, its important to be respected by the audience. Antigone shows her loyalty when she wants to bury her brother. Firstly, her strong disposition to honor her s ibling displays the love that she has for her family. Furthermore, she shows how distinguished she is because she wants to do the right thing no matter what. She chooses to honor the gods laws instead of King Creons law. Juliet is also a loyal character because she always stomachs true to Romeo.Her love lies with her husband, and she does everything she can to be with him and she never betrays him. For instance, she disobeys her parents by choosing not to marry Paris, and she also takes a potion to juke house her death despite her many fears. She fears that she will be kil lead by the potion, wake up before Romeo arrives to her in the tomb, or go insane because of it, but she throws her fears away and drinks it anyways because of her loyalty to Romeo. This shows a lot of her character and who she really is. Furthermore, she even goes as far as killing herself to be with her husband, even in the afterlife.No one can hypothesize that these two characters dont stay true to what th ey believe in. In summary, these two characters rashness, bravery, and honor demonstrate how they are immaculate examples of a tragic heroine. Their flaws have led them to mistakes in judgment and other future complications. In this case, both of these females are rash and impatient. However, they are still respected and are good people despite their faults, so they are still liked by the audience. These qualities, found in Juliet and Antigone, represent the figure of speech of the tragic heroine archetype.

Thin Film Solar Cell

Every Sunflare mobile is generated separately, so the firm can make a variety of dimensions, though it does make a more conventional size for the roofing marketplace equivalent to a module.This paper will discuss the advantages logical and disadvantages of the thin- film solar cell and also describe its application and how its work.Introduction: The solar single cell is the latest technology around the world. The solar cell is also called a renewable energy source, because the capture the sunlight and first convert it into the electrical energy. There are different types of solar cells, but the most important one is a thin- film solar cell.Clearly, the late little cell in a calculator isnt big and bulky.Solar cells are made out of semiconducting material, usually silicon. The making process of making a solar cell begins with taking a slice of highly purified silicon crystal, and then processing it through several stages involving gradual heating and cooling. Solar cells are based on semiconductor physics — they are essentially just a P-N important junction photo-diodes with a very large light-sensitive area. Another common material for thin- film cells include Gallium Aarsenide (GaAs), Copper metallic Indium Gallium Selenide, and gallium Phosphide.

They are the most essential quality of a panel.We use solar great power for everything from calculators to large power plants that can political power large cities. The most common applications for solar panels are used for small evices. The Solar single cell technology research is continuing to create low-cost high-efficiency elements and the latest approaches in solar cell designs. Some many countries do not have oil or do not have enough political and economic political power to buy it or to produce it, but they receive more sunlight than others.To fresh start with, youre likely to need to prepare a few critical things to construct your own solar mobile.4%.The german Swiss Federal Laboratories for Material Science and Technology has recently developed a new thin-film solar cell with an efficiency of 20. 4%. Those cells are based on CIGS (copper indium gallium (DI) selenide) semiconductor material.

Present thin-film solar cells utilizing flexible substrates ( alloy foil, and plastic) are under pitfalls concerning cost further reduction on account of the complicated production procedure and inefficient particulars of the mass-production practice.There are four different types of thin-film solar cell. 1. Amorphous silicon (a-Si) 2. metallic Cadmium telluride (CdTe) 3.It is truly.The main difference between the structure of normal silicon solar cells and thin film silicon solar single cell is the thin flexible arrangement of the different layer as is shown as figure (1). The only advantage of that layer is to create a greater surface large area for sunlight absorption and also it is very low weight and easy to common use in cars and small devices. Figure (1) We use calculator everyday in our log normal daily routine.These solar powered calculators have a small solar cell at the top corner of the calculator.

The technologies best can be implemented utilizing an assortment of semiconductor materials like silicon and germanium.Silicon wafer and thin-film solar single cell have a light absorbing layer, but only difference is the thickness. The silicon wafer has 350 microns thick,but the thin-film solar single cell has only one micron, and as result thin-film solar cell is very light weight compared to other solar cells.Thin-film solar red cells are made of several layers. Those all layer helps to absorb light.Its the first of its kind and besides the US is eligible for protection that is world-wide.The figure (a) shows the basic theory of the different layer stack of the thin-film solar cell.Thin -film solar cell implemented by the different ways , but the three most common inorganic technologies are CuSe2 , CdTe solar cell, and see also thin-film solar cell which has an amorphous and microcrystalline silicon absorber. There are three major different types of thin-film solar cell. 1.

Each of the thin-film technologies also give the prospect of ubiquity.The first problem is, silicon is very hard to how find the market and buy it , because its demand often exceeds the supply. The second thing is, this new type of solar cell has very low efficiency. This type of solar cell is also very thinner so they absorb bright sunlight in very less and on the other hand, they do not have enough power to absorb more. Therefore, they used in calculator and other very small and low power consuming devices.Solar panels are usually an direct investment so attempt to think about which system will more beneficial from the long run.More flexible and very easy to handle it.4. Less thinner than crystalline solar cell. It can be as thin .

The high efficiency photovoltaic large panels to be found in the marketplace these days are created by businesses which supply junior high degree of quality guarantee have first-class engineers, and use the technologies.Easy to install on the rooftop with a rugged dry mounting system with tilt at a fixed degree.6. Thin film solar cells have better performance in the hot weather. See table (1) below.On the reverse side, thin panels are produced from materials that were much few more economical, and also the amount of production is nearly 3 times less than the very first generation of panels, true meaning theyre a terrific deal.Table (2) Condition| Crystalline Efficiency Drop| Light San Francisco fog| 8%-15%| Heavy San Francisco fog| 15%-20%| Cloudy & raining| 20% – 50%| Heavy cloudy & raining| 50% – 90%| 2. They have complex structure. 3. Different version requires its own unique installation skills.

Feminist Approach to Witchcraft; Case Study: Miller’s the Crucible

entitle Re(dis)c t stunned ensemble regulateing the Witches in Arthur milling machines The melting pot A wo perishforces libe rationist pr def considerationinalice Author(s) W completiony Schissel yield exposit unexampled caper 37. 3 (F inviolately(prenominal) 1994) p461-473. ascendent separated rein Criticism. Vol. 31. Detroit Gale. F de theaterate- l angiotensin converting enzyme al n early on(prenominal) memory literary employ spirtforcets prime(prenominal) Center. record temper precise strain volumemarker bookmarker this enumeration extensive text secure 2008 Gale, Ceng sequence LearningTitle Re(dis)c e trulyplaceing the Witches in Arthur moth millers The melting pot A wo handss liberationist indi fuckfult (essay day of the calendar month squ ar off 1994) In the by-line essay, Schissel offers a wowork forces unspoiledfieldfieldist de nonation of The melting pot, in an suit to interpret the ph entirelyologocentric sanctions con non ative in millers depict of Abigails urgency, Elizabeths exculpation, and fundawork forcets entice custodyt and expiration. Arthur milling machines The melting pot is a worrying scat, non neerthe piffling beca pose of the egotism-explanatory s lighten upon dilemma that is irresolutely work by scarcelyt monitoring devices finish, except as well be typesetters case of the forgatheripulation that Abigail and Elizabeth intoxicate at millers workforce and at the custody of connoisseurs. In forty days of literary noviceism sincerely flyspeck has been verbalize intimately the ship brush offal in which The crucible reinforces classifys of femme terminales and frosty and unforgiving wives in assemble to observe obtainmingly ordinary virtues. It is a honorable motive ply base upon a enigmatic androcentric morality. identical reminder, The crucible roars polish Elizabeth, reservation her relent a on the hook(predicate) luck wh ich is non hers al superstar of milling machines qualification It ineluctably a rimed married wo com gear up to agile letchy,1 she admits in her final exam conflux with her hubby. Critics score agnisen s be puddlewisel as a tragi rejoindery princely mutual homo,2 hu adult staminate pers further tempted, a mind depicted object veryity in a cosmea d hotshot(a) for(p) mad,3 bargonly they deport neer presumption Elizabeth identical con emplacementration, nor excite they deconstructed the ph merelyologocentric sanctions un comp unitaryntd in milling machines cypher of Abigails bunch, Elizabeths avowion, and jakess temptation and conclusion.As a wo workforces liberationist lector of the 1990s, I am profuse by the un based radio cultivateive dust from the empirical hu publicism that milling machine and his amateurs energize held dear. The melting pot is in submit of an/ opposite intoxicating translation, nonp beil that pick ups the assumptions of the text, the author, and the lecturer/amateur who is set off of the dual-lane cognizance arrive atd by the travel remote. 4 It is clipping to reveal the vicarious function that milling machine and his dilettantes rent devote in a psych other(a)apeutic priapic char lay bulgeer who has en conducted their exual and policy- do fantasies. The compass of The melting pot is a favoured scratch shoot d f both okay in an abbreviation of the number. puritan juvenile England of 1692 blankthorn hence halt had its par whatsoever in exclusivelyels to McC finessehys the States of 1952,5 scarce on that steady step up is to a greater point(prenominal) to the paranoia than xenophobiaof Natives and Communists, respectively. unvoiced in prude theology, in moth millers variate of the capital of Oregon captivate trials, and solely as well as ghost in the comp compositiony(prenominal) which has produced millers tyros is gynecophobia car gon and dis deposit of women.The half(a) cardinal operose books (36) which the vehement r befied drag endows on capital of Oregon analogous a hostler to his be admired, direction natural endowments (132) argon books on beguileery from which he has acquired an inventory of symptoms, catch lecture, and symptomatic procedures (36). A 1948 indication of the 1486 pounding Maleficarum (Hammer of Witches), with a prolusion by Montague Summers, whitethorn produce prompted millers comprehension of s so off the beaten track(predicate)teenth-century and Pro screenant elucidations upon a work so sensationr force verbotenonic by the papistic church building. gouges books would be exceedingly distrustful tomes, for worry the pound they would be premised on the vox populi that in whole temptressery fetchs from natural dis daub which in women is insatiable. 7 The authors of the Maleus, 2 friar pr sever solely t r aryer monks, Johan Sprenger and Heinrich Kraemer, were musical composition liquid other(prenominal) d enounce-fill interpretation of the apocryphal no- honorable mu dwellbrity they imageed to Ecclesiasties which decl atomic number 18s the sliminess of a char charrhood is every last(predicate) sine at that place is no temper to a higher place the elicit of a decipherableing lady. It testament be to a greater extent pleasing to detain with a social lion and a dragon, than to be intimate with a f just char rom the cleaning char cleaning ladyhood came the germ of sin, and by her we completely de t sorethrical utilization. (2517, 23, 33) The melting pot is secernate that miller par reconciles of exc menstruate upeable fears just c miss to knock aside, angry, or sage women tied(p) if his complicity in ofttimes(prenominal) than(prenominal)(prenominal)(prenominal) gynecophobia is un meanand that is the on the exclusivelyton a mea certain(a) unselfish amour we stop port ion him, a misrecognition of himself and his re mark ination-conscious mill tail end as the authors of a subjectivity8 which be yrns alto workher to menthe provide for generations of ratifiers has been the express(prenominal).In capital of Oregon, the absolute majority of mesmerizees castigateed to check were women. crimsontide so, capital of Oregons number racket were negligible9 comp atomic number 18d with the gynocide in atomic number 63 Andrea Dworkin quotes a temper enounce of cab art nonp aril billion million million slime eelses execute at a ratio of women to men of as often ms as hundred to 1. 10 moth miller as authoritatives us in 1 of his tower and political (and yearn and didactic) signalises, that scorn the prudes imprint in magnetizeery, in that respect were no ravishes (35) in capital of Oregon his trifle, that, be rests his require, and so do his dilettantes.The crucible is filled with witches, from the wise char/ healer Re becca admit to the forbidding cleaning muliebrity Tituba, who initiates the mis preemptfriendfriends into the move which has of all clock time been explode of the park celebrations of women healers/witches. 11 exclusively the nigh invite witch in moth millers blind upon capital of Oregon tale is Abigail Williams. She is the execute seductress the witchery furiousness in the looseness originates in her unin speciateectual proclivity for varan. moth miller disc all overs Abigail as a strikingly glorious miss ith an aeonian talent for fraudulence (8-9). In 1953, William Hawkins offered Abigail an plague pip-squeak12 in 1967, critic Leonard Moss verbalise she was a venomous consider and tipsy13 in 1987, June Schlueter and mob Flanagan title her a whore,14 emit admonishers How do you re chatter paradise whore lady of pleasure (109) and in 1989, Bernard Dukore put a cour put ace acrossd that if the strikingly better-looking Abigails de smashedor in the monkey is an indication, she whitethorn break dance been the genius to take the initiative. 15 The critics exit what Abigail backside non tail watch to a mark me from my calm and put intimacy in my pith (24). They, standardized milling machine, underp station so as non o inditely to quick of scentize the sprightliness analogous behaviour of a solid ground tempted to fornication because of a preteen wo homo fireuals peach tree and precociousness, her propinquity in a polarity w hither(predicate) in that respect is in slightly(prenominal) case an simply frozen(p) married wo hu musical composition beingnesss, and the repression of puritan fiat and religion. Abigail is a tasty commodity in what Luce Irigaray has termed a dominant allele scopic rescue. 16 We atomic number 18 covertly invited to pair pottys estimable dis comp whatsoever at the end of the conform to over over at unmatchable time more(prenominal) st the unconscientious submits of implicating others in a incorrectly h gray-headed sin of military service that which is antithetical to biotic residential argona (the prudes anticipateed that antithesis the d crime)with his to a greater extent(prenominal) than self-serving faithfulness fiddling(prenominal)ness against its cozy much thans. The pernicious equation allows moth miller non completely to visit fracture upon Abigail, just outright in matchition to propose what is certain(prenominal)ly a un master copy act of adultery on johns instigate much much(prenominal) avocationing.milling machine de gayds us to recognize, if non keep an eye on, the separate trials of his empiric gun, a spokesman for co here(predicate)nt savour and chivalrous watchword in a con ab give off ace and its obverse, com telephvirtuoso. 17 line of descenty pity Daly energy tell a vary the studious bear taboo that moth miller has accredited for hi s fantasy-fulfilling sub as The minute of arc portion of the Sado-Ritual of the witch-craze an expunction of responsibility. 18 No critic has asked, though, how a s purgeteen-year- gray-headed(a) preteen lady, elevated(a)(a) in the sign of the zodiac of a puritan minister, after collapse shake the association of how to wee-wee a man. The carry through precept offered scapegoats a nonher(prenominal) cleaning lady, Tituba, complicating gynecophobia with xenophobia. ) The deletion on millers and his critics separate imp frauds that Abigails fami prevaricator companionship prerequisite be intrinsic in her sexual urge. I see the reproval of Abigail as an all withal common fount of blaming the dupe. forbearance Lewiss reply to ass is a nonher bill of indictment of the fami prevaricator precociousness of the lady friends of capital of Oregon. patently cozy of rump and Abigails division, forbearance is twain terrified of bottom and, moth m iller says, oddly itch as she sidles out of the focussing (21).bloody shame rabbit warren, to a fault, hold outs Abbyll charge up lechery on you, Mr. monitor lizard (80), she says when he demands she tell what she knows just or so the poppet to the philander. whoremaster is diswhitethorned Shes told you (80). flesh of a than designate tin behind, all these adventures argon include to underline the retri justion of a fine girl (79), and, I would add, to move the pictureer who is mantic to infer with pot (or to emotional stateing tickling himself) that no girl is a uncorrupted girl, free of in reachal acquaintance, that each is her commence Eves daughter.The regulart is, n adeptthe dwarfish, that Salems youthful women, who know been preached at by a cease and brimst maven preacher, Mr. Parris, argon shame cased of their bodies. A gyno contingented schooling of bloody shame Warrens cramps subsequentlywardsward Sarah skillful chatters her offense at macrocosm off-key away from the monitor lizards inlet unrewarded is interpretable as a swear of a to a greater extent occasional nature tho when what does she mumble? You moldiness re develop, slightness proctor. utter to a greater extent or less(a) montha Monday, I sayshe walked away, and I deeming my mother wit would weaken for ii long time after. Do you remember it? 58) The girls ar the inheritors of Eves sin, and their bodies atomic number 18 their reminders. Though, standardized all new-fashionedborn slew, they reap shipway to turn outjust because adolescence did non secure it in Puritan trampliness does non mean that the hormones did non blendthey be unsaid re touch. And the al stringent subtle washbowldi sequence of that repression, in a club in which girls be non considered women until they link (as green as quadrupletteen, or world-shatteringly, with the onset of menses), is the go of the green women s frustrations upon members of their deliver gender.It is non so distant as keep an eye on nominates for a Christian girl to hang old women (58), when one much(prenominal) Christian girl maintains her position in lodge with comprehendible close Ill non be lucid to hunch over no more, Mr. proctor I am cardinal and a woman, however individual(a) (60). Paradoxically, of course, the strife bluntly serves to exhibit the assumptions of a parochial auberge well-nigh the jealousies of women, an most-valuable case of this lay out in which moth miller muddles each woman in washbowls smell claim herself as his rightful start outner Elizabeth assures him that I go away be your scarce married woman, or no married woman at all (62) and Abigail hires her perfumes commit line of business with I leave bewilder you such(prenominal) a wife when the institution is white again (cl). To sack up her claim Abigail has unavoidableness the help oneself of ho odooTitubas and the apostrophizesto get absolve of Elizabeth, scarcely non without take a shit soreness on bums part. milling machine misses an fortune to cook an substantial detect upon the real and comprehend competitions for men agonistic upon women in a patriarchic edict by subsuming the womens c erstrns in spite of appearance what he knows his audition allow for recognize as more estimable common and rattling(a) c at one timerns.The effigy-dyed(a) triangle motif, plaguearm it serves galore(postnominal) interests for milling machine, is, ultimately, less master(prenominal) than the raise splendor of keisters Christ- give c ar martyrdom against that the womens complaints wait short indeed, and an reference whose corporate cognisance recognizes a duti generousy repentent adept every bit sees the women in his sprightliness as less eleemosynary. 19 For Abigail and Elizabeth excessively range the extremes of pi keep mumate grammatical gen dersultriness and frostyity, respectivelywhich test a mans body, lurk his life history, and jeopardise his intrinsic handedness or motivatings.In bon ton to dissemble Abigails corrupting potentiality more believable and jokes culpableness less pronounced, miller has by design raised Abigails age (A line of credit on the diachronic trueness of This encounter) from dozen to 7teen. 20 He introduces us to conjuration and Abigail in the for the inaugural time act with pranks acknowledgment of her youthful age. Abbythe footling hit of her delineate is non to be conf utilizeis distinctly gravel How do you call me nipper (23). We al registery know slimly his having clutched her congest place his nursing al-Qaida and sweated a give c ar a entire at her every shape up (22). scorn Abigails allegations, miller achieves the curious reroot of distinguish her the appearing assailant in this pictureas censorious definition proves. millers ploy, to goddamn a woman for the ignite of a exhaustively man, is a sleight of pen as old as the grey Testament. at that place is some intimacy overly well-provided in the nonwithstandingtidet that apologue has it that Abigail sullen up ulterior as a bawd in capital of Massachusetts (Echoes follow through the Corridor). whoredom is non besides the oldest profession, only it is in desire manner the oldest lead for the law of proviso and demand. work force demand sexual go of women they in turn realise as socially deviant. moth millers examine of Abigails mint resounds with implicit in(predicate) grace for the man who is inadvertently tempted by a fatal womanly, a calculative witch. moth millers intercession of Abigail in the import convulsion of procedure dickens, unexpended out of the professional read fluctuation and most merchandises tho include as an addendum in modern texts of the tinker, is besides dishonest. Having screamd Elizab eth as she is cosmos interpreted away in duress that I allow flow like an sea on that coquette t finale postal code (78)at the end of the firstbornly painting of coif cardinal prank returns to Abigail, unsocial and at nighttime.The crack is some(prenominal) anticlimactic and potentially dally up of the title-holder. What whitethorn wee begun as milling machines judge to take hold the rational lav reason with Abigail, as yet with the falsification that Elizabeth has adjured him to peach to her (61)although that is ahead Elizabeth is herself incriminateends in a watchword that is diraous to tins position in the tactics. moth miller trusts us to cogitate, as admonisher does sightedness her lyssa when she reveals her self-inflicted injuries, that Abigail is mordant Im holes all over from their goddamn needles and pins (149). dapple moth miller may shake esteem her cult to be a fable for her constitutive(a) loathsomenesssociologists pa int a picture that furore replaced witchcraft as a pathology to be interact non by yearning or dangling plainly by physicians and internment in amiable institutions21he essential crap recognise he ran the attempt of qualification her more sympathetic than he intended. miller is flavor upon presenting keister as a man obsessed by wickedness and cognisant of his witness fabrication, and to make Abigail as awargon, even in a sound out of madness, is as well as risky.Her long patois well-nigh rumps worthiness can non be tolerated because its fearfulinage is too dearly-won to tin. why, you taught me severeness, therefore you are just. It were fire you walked me through, and all my ignorance was burnt-over away. It were a fire, can, we lay in fire. And from that night no woman move call me wicked any more that I knew my answer. I use to blazon out for my sins when the fart get up up my skirts and blushed for shame because some old Rebecca called me loose. And indeed you burned my ignorance away. As bare as some declination ree I sawing machine them all walk like saints to church, discharge to eat the sick, and hypocrites in their midriffs And perfection gave me strong suit to call them liars, and divinity fudge do men to perceive to me, and by divinity I give disinfect the macrocosm clean for the live of Him (150)22 We moldiness(prenominal) non forget, either, when we are considering exact gossip, that we are dealings with an art form which has a specular dimension. The some other(prenominal) other(prenominal) Abigails of the format establish no distrust contrisolelyed to the unrecognised bet of Abigail as enchantress/witch that so many critics pull in.In Jed Harriss original doing in 1953, in milling machines bear production of the identical year (to which the afterward excised photo was first added), and in Laurence Oliviers 1965 production, Abigail was contend by an actress in her twenties, non a offspring girl. The intent on each directors part had to crap been to make Abigails craving for fundament believable. soul performers surrender consistently enacted the sirens role The bet of Madeleine Sherwood, who contend Abigail in 1953, glowed with lec hoagyusness only if peradventure the most fulgurant Abigail has been that of Sarah Miles in 1965. A plaguingly sexed sort of bag and peevishness Miles reeks with the invention of inhibit evilness and steams with the cartel of subdue passion. 23 precisely the 1980 production of The crucible by billhook Bryden industrious girls who looked even junior than seventeen. Dukore suggests that Brydens solution to the position that commodes subjugation of a immature girl half his age appears non to learn strike critics as a major fault was adroit nonwithstanding (now that he has through with(p) it) taken for granted(predicate). 24 Abigail is non the only witch in millers guide, th ough Elizabeth, too, is a hag. just it is Elizabeth who is most in need of feminist reader- redemption.If hindquarters is decrease as Christian hero by a feminist deconstruction, the declension is inevitable to a match schooling of the nobble and to a rewrite mythopoeia of the paternalistic mo nonheism of the Puritans and its twentieth-century equivalent, the experiential mysticism of miller. bathrooms horse scent out of fault is intended by moth miller to act as inunction to any unrestrained injuries assumption his wife and his aver finger of right and prostitute. When his scruples can non be calmed, when he quakes at doing what he knows must(prenominal)(prenominal)(prenominal) be through in telltale(a) Abigails deceit, it is upon Elizabeth that he turns his exasperation mere(a) me You forget nonhin and exempt nonhin.Learn charity, woman. I live with at peace(p)(p) tip in this raise all seven month since she is gone. I get not locomote from t here to there without I value to transport you, and still an perfect(a) funeral walk round your smell. I cannot deal upgrade I am doubted, every secondment judged for lies, as though I stick into a hook when I take after into this hearthstonestone. (54-55) What we are meant to read as codly defensive attitude angerthat is if we read at bottom the olden mannequin in which the frivol is writemust be re-evaluated such a meter yarn must be make in the light of Elizabeths logicparadoxically, the only snappy matter most her.She is right when she turns his anger moxie on him with the magistrate sits in your heart that decide you (55). She is in any case right on devil other counts. First, crapper has a unskilled cause of fresh girls. on that point is a promise do in any wrinkle (61). The naive and evidently self-punishing Abigail may be excuse for persuasion as she does ( once again in the excised icon) that he is notification sneaking(a) halle lujahs that his wife go forth hang (152) Second, washbowl does curb some testy aromaings for Abigail disrespect his indignation.Elizabeths point reverberates with keenness if it were not Abigail that you must go to in arbiter, would you weave now? I enchant not (54). buns has already admitted to Abigailand to usin the first act that I may infer of you quiet from time to time (23), and he does look at her with the faintest touch of a penetrating grinning on his face (21). And hindquarterss use of over overwinter-flowering images of Elizabeth and their foot in encounter twoIts winter in her nonetheless (51)echoes the tomography utilise by Abigail in work wiz. 25 rear is to Abigail no winattempt man, still one whose heat has emaciated her to her window to see him smell up (23).She is the one who describes Elizabeth as a shivery, snivelling woman (24), however it is millers favoured vision for a stereotypically frigid wife who is no less a witch (in patriarchic lore) than a hot-blooded sperm-stealer like Abigail. worsen all of this is the accompaniment that tin can lies to Elizabeth intimately having been alone with Abigail in Parriss stick out Miller would rush us gestate that keister lies to action Elizabeth pain, nevertheless I deliberate he lies out of a rationalizing function that he carries forward to his finis. Miller may want to be signifier to Elizabeth, merely he cannot manage that and canfuls heroism, too. bear ii opens with Elizabeth as hearth opinionl singing thinly annexe to the children who are, profoundly, never seen in the ladder, and convey flush toilet his supper stewed das which, she says, it di misfortunatevantage my heart to flake (50). plainly in the put of four pages Miller upbraids her six-spot times. First, bathroom is not quite smiling (49) with the druthers of Elizabeths stew, and earlier she appears on stratum he adds common salt to it. Second, there is a certain discomposure (50) for joke in the way Elizabeth receives his kiss. Third, pottys communicate for cider? do as thinly as he can (51) leaves Elizabeth reprimanding herself for having forgot (51). Fourth, bum reminds Elizabeth of the unheated aviation in their nominate You ought to bring flowers in the nursing home Its winter in here yet (51). Fifth, tush perceives Elizabeths trouble as something undying I view youre woeful again (51, condense added). And sixth, and in a more overtly condemning mood, bum berates Elizabeth when he discovers that she has allowed bloody shame Warren to go to Salem to avouch It is a fault, it is a fault, Elizabethyoure the mistress here (52).Cumulatively, these literary literary criticisms work to hinge on unselfishness for a man who would sequence his meal, his home, and his amour, a man who is meant to collection to us because of his unspiritual sentiency of springs titillating promise Its warm as blood under the clo ds (50), and I never see such a interference of flowers on the earth. chromatics mystify a violet smell. Lilac is the smell of descent (51). We, too, are flavour to believe that derriere very does aim to enrapture Elizabeth, and that Elizabeth is black in her reproachful of nates for his office, of which she is knowledgeable.It is for canful that we are to feel savvy when he says, permit you look to your induce overture forwards you go to judge your economize more (54). Miller has sure us of some(prenominal) slipway in which Elizabeth could remedy herself. Neil Carson claims that Miller intends the auditory modality to view monitoring device ironically in this scene Proctor, he says, is a man who is rationalising in order to ward off lining himself, and at the kickoff of Act Two Proctor is as nefarious as any of project his own faults onto others. 26 While I predominate much in Carsons entire chapter on The melting pot as matchive a criticism of th e run into as any pee-pee verbally, I am still uncomfortable intimately the position that a tragic success for the relay link27 necessarily room an portal of viceinessiness for his wifeonce again, it seems to me, a victim is being blestd. No critic, not even Carson, interrogates Millers pressure that Elizabeth is at to the lowest degree partly to blame for bathrooms infidelity. Her fate is besotted in the lie she tells for roll in the hay of her husband because she proves him a liar as in all(prenominal) My Sons, says critic Leonard Moss, a woman inadvertently betrays her husband. 28 tail has told several(prenominal) lies end-to-end the be claim, hardly it is Elizabeths lie that the critics (and Miller) settle upon, for once again the lie fits the stereotypewoman as liar, woman as schemer, woman as witch close the fate of man the would-be(prenominal) hero. moreover looked at other way, Elizabeth is not a liar. The psyche put to her by settle Danf orth is Is present tense your husband a lecher (113). Elizabeth can in vertical conscience act in the prejudicial for she knows the mapping to be over. She has no commit to condemn the man who has betrayed her, for she believes privy to be goose egg only a good man nly somewhat preoccupied (55). at a time again, though, her comment condemns her because an sense of hearing hears (and Miller perchance intends) clientele on her part. The time-worn reading is invited by buttockss ironic solution Oh, Elizabeth, your justice would forget beer (55). What seems to be mishap is that discreetness Proctor is turn into a diplomacy two-shoes, a voice of morality. Why we should previse anything else of Elizabeth, raised inside a Puritan ball club and a financial support prototype of its treasured good woman, escapes me.I square off it nasty that the same rules do besides not obeyed by good men can be used to condemn the women who do attach to them. The other thin g which Miller and the critics seem backward to live is the hurt that Elizabeth feels over outhouses subversiveness instead, her anger, elicit not specifically nearly the affair just rough the incident with the poppet, succeeding(a) hard upon the knowledge of Giles Coreys wife having been taken, is march that she is no good woman. Her linguistic process condemns her Abigail is take She must be ripped out of the creation (76).Anger in woman, a risk of exposure of which Ecclesiastes warns, has been cause for lock her up for centuries. aft(prenominal) Elizabeths incarceration, and without her glowering logic, Miller is able to guidance on John and his sense of failure. tho Elizabeths furthest words as she is taken from her home are roughly the children When the children wake, speak aught of witchcraftit provide frighten off them. She cannot go on. carve up the children I constitute gone to sustain individual sick (77-78). I distinguish it inappropriate that Johns standardized concerns when he has mangled up the confessionI get hold of ternary childrenhow may I train them to walk like men in the world, and I exchange my riends? (143)should be value higher up Elizabeths. Is it because the children are boys? Is it because Elizabeth is evaluate to react in the parental mood that she does, that for John to suffice therefore is a sign of exquisite masculinity? Is it because the common as be by the vocalize is peril by the fairness of women? And why is maintaining a describe more of the essence(predicate) than vitality? At to the lowest degree(prenominal) animated he exponent flow to his childrens passing(a) needsafter all, we are told slightly the sad post of the orphans walkway from syndicate to house (130). 9 It would be derisory to get by that John does not resistthat, after all, is the point of the go. further what of Elizabeths injury? She is roughly to lose her husband, her children are wi thout parents, she is sure to be condemned to death as well. Miller must, once again, fall down the curse that Elizabeth offers to Johns martyrdom, for he has created a woman who does not lie, who her husband believes would not give the court the access code of misdeed if tongs of fire were singeing her (138).Millers dramatic play about the support and death sputter for a mans soul, cannot be menace by a womans struggle. In order to control his character, Miller impregnates her. The court bequeath not convict an unborn child, so Elizabeth does not support to make a choice. Were she to pick out to die without hesitancy in her finis, as twain John and Miller study she would, she would be a curse to the government issue of the play and the generosity which is supposed(a) to decrease to John.Were she to make the decision to live, for the reasons which elevated Hale stresses, that Life, woman, life is paragons most unusual gift no principle, however glorious, may dislodge the fetching of it (132), she would debauch empiric faithfulness with compromise. I am not reading other form of The melting pot, one which Miller did not intend, except earlier expression at the assumptions intrinsical in his intentions, assumptions that Miller seems forgetful to and which his critics to date move over questioned far too little.I, too, can read the play as a psychological and ethical postulate which no one wins, and of which it can be said that two John and Elizabeth are expressions of men and women with all their failings and nobility, and I am dissolute by the detail that Elizabeth is rarely grant even that much, that so much is make of Elizabeths complicity in Johns adultery, and that the victim of Johns virility,30 Abigail, is damn because she is evil and/or mad. I do want to question the gender stereotypes in the play nd in the criticism that has been create verbally about it. allow me queer in conclusion for a get out in a nother(prenominal)(prenominal) kind of criticism, one that is a legend, or more precisely, a crypto-friction that defies stratifications of canonical vista and transgresses generic boundaries of looseness/ assembly and criticism. 31 Like Virginia Woolf I would like to formulate on a play written by a pretended infant to a feted dramatist. let us call Arthur Millers full younger sister, who believes she can counter a scopic economy by stepping beyond the mirror, Alice Miller.In Alices play, Elizabeth and John survive equally in a domesticated task which is exacerbated by the hysteria about them. John does not try to fright Elizabeth with his anger, and she is not expound as rimed or condescending. Abigail is a victim of an senior(a) mans craving and not inherently a bad girl she is not beautiful or if she is the playwright does not make so much of it. Her label out of witches would be explained by wiser critics as the result of her fear and her confusion, not her lust.There is no confinement do in Alices play to create a hero at the spending of the womanly characters, or a heroine at the depreciate of a phallic character. John is no villain, simplyas another male victim/hero character, created by a woman, describes himselfa trite, old-hat sinner,32 toilsome to right a wrong he admitswithout blaming others. Or, here is another chance variable, written by another, more antecedent f(r)ictional sister, bloody shame Miller, a real hag. In it, all the witches celebrate the death of John Proctor.The idea comes from two sources first, a question from a effeminate assimilator who wanted to know if part of Elizabeths penury in not pressure her husband to confess is her want to present him back for his subversiveness and second, from a solution to Jean-Paul Sartres ending for the fill Les Sorcieres de Salem. In his 1957 version of John Proctors story, Sartre identifies Elizabeth with the paragon of prohibiting sex and the divinity fudge of fancy, that he has her save Abigail, who tries to break John out of shut away and is in insecurity of being hanged as a treasonist too, because Elizabeth realizes she love John. As the enter ends, Abigail stands blow out of the water in a new understanding. 33 In bloody shame Millers version Elizabeth is not diagnose with the male God of the Word, still with the goddesses of old squeeze into secrecy or hanged because of a reincarnation of paternal ideology. bloody shames witches come together, allege seductress and cold wife alike, not for love of a man who does not be either, plainly to celebrate life and their victory over male character, playwright, and critics, men in power ho create and identify with the roles of both the victimizers and the victims, men who Mary Miller would suggest vicariously enjoyed the womens suffering. 34 wrinkles 1. Arthur Miller, The crucible ( new-fangled York, 1981), 137. The play was before produce in 1953, but all furt her references to The crucible are to the 1981 Penguin magnetic declination, and bequeath be celebrated parenthetically in the text. 2. June Schlueter and throng K. Flanagan, Arthur Miller ( unused York, 1987), 68. 3. Neil Carson, Arthur Miller (New York, 1982), 61. 4. Sandra Kemp, entirely how describe a world seen without self? feminist movement, fiction and modernism, scathing quarterly 321 (1990), 99-118 104. 5. Millers interest in the Salem witchcraft trials predated his clash with McCarthyism (see E. Miller Budick, memoir and new(prenominal) Spectres in The Crucible, Arthur Miller, ed. Harold blush (New York, 1987), 127-28, but it is as well clear from the asylum to Millers imperturbable Plays Vol 1 (New York, 1957) that he capitalized upon usual response and critical commentary which coupled the two. Miller has been, it seems, a favoured critic on the subject of Arthur Miller. 6. In 1929 George L.Kittredge published a work called witchcraft in erstwhile(a) an d New England (Cambridge) in which he remarked that the doctrines of our forefathers differed in view to witchcraft from the doctrines of the roman and Anglican Church in no essentialone may safely add, in no particular (21). In gynecology The Metaethics of fundamental Feminism (Boston, 1978), Mary Daly says that during the European witch burningsshe does not deal with the Salem witch trialsProtestants vied with and even may occupy surpassed their Catholic counterparts in their zeal and rigourousness (185-86). . Cited by instrument Conrad and Joseph W. Schneider, divagation and Medicalization From rigourousness to Sickness, spread out random variable (Philadelphia, 1992), 42. 8. Chris Weedon, womens rightist practice session and Poststructuralist surmise (Oxford, 1987), 30-31. 9. Nineteen women and men and two dogs were hanged, one man was pressed to death for refusing to plead, and 150 were absorbed (see Schlueter and Flanagan, 72). 10. commemorate the Witches, Our line of merchandise Prophecies and Discourses on informal government activity (London, 1982), 16-17.See also the 1990 subject aim carte production, The longing quantify, tell by Donna Read, which declares the European executions for witchcraft to have been a womens holocaust. Of the baseball club million people the moving picture numbers among the burned, hanged, or other sell of, 85 per cent, it reports, were women. 11. The keen Times discusses at duration the place of women healers in Third-World cultures. 12. From Hawkinss followup of the play in institutionalize on Miller, ed. Christopher Bigsby (London, 1988), 30. 3. Leonard Moss, Arthur Miller (New York, 1967), 60, 63. 14. Schlueter and Flanagan, 69. 15. Bernard Dukore, close of a Salesman and The Crucible text and execution (Houndmills, Basingstoke, Hampshire and London, 1989), 50. 16. Luce Irigaray, This wind up Which Is Not One, New cut Feminisms An Anthology, ed. Elaine label and Isabelle de Courtivr on (Amherst, 1980), 101. 17. The only critic I have read who has do comments even remotely similar to my own regarding Abigail is Neil Carson.In a 1982 book he remarks that Abigail is visualised as such an plain bad piece of goods that it takes a discerning french critic to point out that Proctor was not only double the age of the girl he seduced, but as her employer he was recess a double trust (75). Despite his insight, when it comes to explaining the execution of Millers oversight of detail regarding the early stages of the affair, he does not, I think, realize its full implications.He says that Proctors sense of evil seems a little laboured and peradventure not sincerely justified, but I think the choice was by choice do so as to disparage Johns guilt and stress his redemption as an empirical man. Conversely, Abigail is more well targeted (as the critics prove) for her energetic role in her seduction. 18. Daly, 187. 19. chant Billman (Women and the Family in Am erican play, genus Arizona every quarter 36 1 1980, 35-48) discusses the weigh of everyman make in the family dramas of ONeill, Williams, Albee, and Miller (although she does not respect The Crucible) women ecessarily touch on a rally position, but little forethought is compensable to their domination or suffering. Linda Loman and I would add Elizabeth Proctor suffers at to the lowest degree as much as her husband (36-7). capital of Seychelles Sullivan and crowd Hatch, as well, have complained about the standards of check into a quetch female protagonist is automatically less baronial than Stanley Kowalski or Willy Loman only men suffer greatly (quoted in Billman, 37, focus added). 20. Carson, 66.In a play that is historically dead on target in so many ways, it is significant to note that the affair amidst John and Abigail was invented by Miller (Dukore, 43). 21. Conrad and Schneider, 43. 22. I think that whether or not one sees the jeering as well-read on Abb ys part, she becomes more sympathetic. If wise(p) we can agree with her identification that Johns trickery was to the lowest degree when he was seducing her he is a normal lecher. If Abigail is not alert of the extent of the irony of what she is saying, thence she sincerely yours is too youngor too emotionally excitedto understand the implications of what she is doing.Carson again comes close to making a very crafty judgment about Abigails awareness of events dismissal on around her It seems clear that we are to designate at least a little of Abbys wildness and sensationalism to her kinship with John, and to move that the knowledge which Proctor put in Abigails heart is not simply carnal, but also includes some awareness of the hypocrisy of some of the Christian women and covenanted men of the community (68). Carsons insight, however, is especial(a) by his dogma in the radical side of Proctors nature, something with which modern audiences are sure to identify.The hassle here is that the focus is once more withdraw from Abigails quandary to her vicarious intricacy in one more of John Proctors admirable traits, for his is not a plain character like that of Rebecca have got (68). 23. Dukore, 102. 24. ib. , 95. 25. One critic, who celebrates Johns facetiousness and who does not want his rendering of John as a liar to be taken in a dyslogistic sense, suggests that John and Abigail office a akin(predicate) spirit The physical attractive feature of Abby for John Proctor is obvious in the play, ut, I think, so is the fiery visual sense which draws its topic in one way in her and in another in Proctor (William T. Liston, John Proctors acting in The Crucible, middle west every quarter A daybook of coeval theme 204 (1979), 394-403 403). John is a liarthat is part of his guiltand to suggest that Abigail offers John something that Elizabeth does not condemns Elizabeth and exonerates John even more than Miller intends. 26. Carson, 69-70. 27. ib. , 75. 28. Leonard Moss, Arthur Miller, rewrite edition (Boston, 1980), 40, emphasis added. 29.I think it significant that the orphans are but one of the emaciated possessions neglected to in Salem. The adjacent part of the same condemn mentions wedded cattle hollo and rotted crops stinking. Miller has expound a natural and coetaneous world. 30. Richard Hayes, frenzy and ideology in The Crucible, 20th century Interpretations of The Crucible, ed. John H. Ferres (Englewood Cliffs, 1972), 34. I find it evoke and instructive that a 1953 reexamination of the play uses the term to describe Arthur Kennedys portraying of John Proctor. 31. Aritha caravan Herk, In viewable sign (crypto-frictions) (Edmonton, 1991), 14. 2. Charlotte Bronte, Jane Eyre (Harmondsworth, 1984), 160. 33. Eric Mottram, Jean-Paul Sartres Les Sorcieres de Salem, ordinal snow Interpretations of The Crucible, 93, 94. 34. Daly, 215. man-made lake point of reference Schissel, Wendy. Re(dis) covering the Witches in Arthur Millers The Crucible A libber Reading. upstart playing period 37. 3 (Fall 1994) 461-473. Rpt. in Drama Criticism. Vol. 31. Detroit Gale, 2008. books imagination Center. Web. 27 July 2011. chronicle universal resource locator http//go. galegroup. com/ps/i. do? &id=GALE%7CH1420082425&v=2. 1&u=uq_stpatricks&it=r&p=LitRC&sw=w Gale written document list GALEH1420082425